You are the best among the inhabitants of Basra, for you are the reciters among them. So continue to recite it. (But bear in mind) that your reciting for a long time may not harden your hearts as were hardened the hearts of those before you. We used to recite a surah which resembled in length and severity to (Surah) Bara'at. I have, however, forgotten it with the exception of this which I remember out of it:" If there were two valleys full of riches, for the son of Adam, he would long for a third valley, and nothing would fill the stomach of the son of Adam but dust." And we used so recite a surah which resembled one of the surahs of Musabbihat, and I have forgotten it, but remember (this much) out of it:" Oh people who believe, why do you say that which you do not practise" (lxi 2.) and" that is recorded in your necks as a witness (against you) and you would be asked about it on the Day of Resurrection" (xvii. 13).
Sahih Muslim Book 12, Hadith 156
The Prophet (ﷺ) appointed `Abdullah bin Jubair as the commander of the infantry men (archers) who were
fifty on the day (of the battle) of Uhud. He instructed them, "Stick to your place, and don't leave it
even if you see birds snatching us, till I send for you; and if you see that we have defeated the infidels
and made them flee, even then you should not leave your place till I send for you." Then the infidels
were defeated. By Allah, I saw the women fleeing lifting up their clothes revealing their leg-bangles
and their legs. So, the companions of `Abdullah bin Jubair said, "The booty! O people, the booty !
Your companions have become victorious, what are you waiting for now?" `Abdullah bin Jubair said,
"Have you forgotten what Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said to you?" They replied, "By Allah! We will go to the
people (i.e. the enemy) and collect our share from the war booty." But when they went to them, they
were forced to turn back defeated. At that time Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) in their rear was calling them back.
Only twelve men remained with the Prophet (ﷺ) and the infidels martyred seventy men from us.
On the day (of the battle) of Badr, the Prophet (ﷺ) and his companions had caused the 'Pagans to lose 140
men, seventy of whom were captured and seventy were killed. Then Abu Sufyan asked thrice, "Is
Muhammad present amongst these people?" The Prophet (ﷺ) ordered his companions not to answer him.
Then he asked thrice, "Is the son of Abu Quhafa present amongst these people?" He asked again
thrice, "Is the son of Al-Khattab present amongst these people?" He then returned to his companions
and said, "As for these (men), they have been killed." `Umar could not control himself and said (to
Abu Sufyan), "You told a lie, by Allah! O enemy of Allah! All those you have mentioned are alive,
and the thing which will make you unhappy is still there." Abu Sufyan said, "Our victory today is a
counterbalance to yours in the battle of Badr, and in war (the victory) is always undecided and is
shared in turns by the belligerents, and you will find some of your (killed) men mutilated, but I did not
urge my men to do so, yet I do not feel sorry for their deed" After that he started reciting cheerfully,
"O Hubal, be high! (1) On that the Prophet (ﷺ) said (to his companions), "Why don't you answer him
back?" They said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) What shall we say?" He said, "Say, Allah is Higher and more
Sublime." (Then) Abu Sufyan said, "We have the (idol) Al `Uzza, and you have no `Uzza." The
Prophet said (to his companions), "Why don't you answer him back?" They asked, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)!
What shall we say?" He said, "Says Allah is our Helper and you have no helper."
Sahih al-Bukhari Book 56, Hadith 245
Yahya said that he heard Malik say, "What is done in our
community about a man who rents an animal for a journey to a specified
place and then he goes beyond that place and further, is that the
owner of the animal has a choice. If he wants to take extra rent for
his animal to cover the distance overstepped, he is given that on top
of the first rent and the animal is returned. If the owner of the
animal likes to sell the animal from the place where he over-steps, he
has the price of the animal on top of the rent. If, however, the hirer
rented the animal to go and return and then he overstepped when he
reached the city to which he rented him, the owner of the animal only
has half the first rent. That is because half of the rent is going,
and half of it is returning. If he oversteps with the animal, only
half of the first rent is obliged for him. Had the animal died when he
reached the city to which it was rented, the hirer would not be liable
and the renter would only have half the rent."
Malik said,
"That is what is done with people who overstep and dispute about what
they took the animal for."
Malik said, "It is also like that
with some one who takes qirad-money from his companion. The owner of
the property says to him, 'Do not buy such-and-such animals or such-
and-such goods.' He names them and forbids them and disapproves of his
money being invested in them. The one who takes the money then buys
what he was forbidden. By that, he intends to be liable for the money
and take the profit of his companion. When he does that, the owner of
the money has an option. If he wants to enter with him in the goods
according to the original stipulations between them about the profit,
he does so. If he likes, he has his capital guaranteed against the one
who took the capital and over stepped the mark."
Malik said,
"It is also like that with a man with whom another man invests some
goods. The owner of the property orders him to buy certain goods for
him which he names. He differs, and buys with the goods something
other than what he was ordered to buy. He exceeded his orders. The
owner of the goods has an option. If he wants to take what was bought
with his property, he takes it. If he wants the partner to be liable
for his capital he has that."
Muwatta Malik Book 36, Hadith 22
Yahya related to me from Malik that Yahya ibn Said heard Jamil
ibn Abd ar-Rahman the Muadhdhin say to Said ibn al-Musayyab, "I am a
man who buys whatever Allah wills of the receipts for the provisions
which people are offered at al-Jar. I want to take payment for goods
that I guarantee to deliver at a future date." Said said to him, "Do
you intend to settle these things with receipts for provisions you
have bought?" He said, "Yes." So he forbade that.
Malik said,
"The generally agreed on way of doing things among us in which there
is no dispute, about buying food - wheat, barley, durra-sorghum, pearl
millet, or any pulse or anything resembling pulses on which zakat is
obliged, or condiments of any sort - oil, ghee, honey, vinegar,
cheese, sesame oil, milk and so on, is that the buyer should not re-
sell any of that until he has taken possession and complete delivery
of it.
Muwatta Malik Book 31, Hadith 46
Sa`d was wounded on the day of Khandaq (i.e. Trench) when a man from Quraish, called Hibban bin
Al-`Araqa hit him (with an arrow). The man was Hibban bin Qais from (the tribe of) Bani Mais bin
'Amir bin Lu'ai who shot an arrow at Sa`d's medial arm vein (or main artery of the arm). The Prophet (ﷺ)
pitched a tent (for Sa`d) in the Mosque so that he might be near to the Prophet (ﷺ) to visit. When the
Prophet returned from the (battle) of Al-Khandaq (i.e. Trench) and laid down his arms and took a bath
Gabriel came to him while he (i.e. Gabriel) was shaking the dust off his head, and said, "You have laid
down the arms?" By Allah, I have not laid them down. Go out to them (to attack them)." The Prophet (ﷺ)
said, "Where?" Gabriel pointed towards Bani Quraiza. So Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) went to them (i.e. Banu
Quraiza) (i.e. besieged them). They then surrendered to the Prophet's judgment but he directed them to
Sa`d to give his verdict concerning them. Sa`d said, "I give my judgment that their warriors should be
killed, their women and children should be taken as captives, and their properties distributed."
Narrated Hisham: My father informed me that `Aisha said, "Sa`d said, "O Allah! You know that there
is nothing more beloved to me than to fight in Your Cause against those who disbelieved Your
Apostle and turned him out (of Mecca). O Allah! I think you have put to an end the fight between us
and them (i.e. Quraish infidels). And if there still remains any fight with the Quraish (infidels), then
keep me alive till I fight against them for Your Sake. But if you have brought the war to an end, then
let this wound burst and cause my death thereby.' So blood gushed from the wound. There was a tent
in the Mosque belonging to Banu Ghifar who were surprised by the blood flowing towards them .
They said, 'O people of the tent! What is this thing which is coming to us from your side?' Behold!
Blood was flowing profusely out of Sa`d's wound. Sa`d then died because of that."
Sahih al-Bukhari Book 64, Hadith 166
When `Abdullah bin Ubai bin Salul died, Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) was called in order to offer the funeral
prayer for him. When Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) got up (to offer the prayer) I jumped towards him and said, "O
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! Do you offer the prayer for Ibn Ubai although he said so-and-so on such-and-such-a
day?" I went on mentioning his sayings. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) smiled and said, "Keep away from me, O
`Umar!" But when I spoke too much to him, he said, "I have been given the choice, and I have chosen
(this) ; and if I knew that if I asked forgiveness for him more than seventy times, he would be for
given, I would ask it for more times than that." So Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) offered the funeral prayer for him
and then left, but he did not stay long before the two Verses of Surat-Bara'a were revealed, i.e.:-- 'And
never (O Muhammad) pray for anyone of them that dies.... and died in a state of rebellion.' (9.84)
Later I was astonished at my daring to speak like that to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and Allah and His Apostle
know best.
Sahih al-Bukhari Book 65, Hadith 193
Yahya related to me from Malik from Yahya ibn Said that al-Qasim
ibn Muhammad said, "One of my wives died and Muhammad ibn Kab al
Quradhi came to console me about her. He told me of one among the Bani
Israil who was a diligent, worshipping, knowing and understanding man
who had a wife that he admired and loved, and she died. He grieved
over her intensely and lamented her until he withdrew into a house and
locked himself in, hidden from everyone, and no-one visited him. A
woman heard about him and went to him, saying, 'I need him to give me
an opinion. Nothing will satisfy me except what he says about it.'
Everyone went away, but she stuck to his door and said, 'I must see
him.' Someone said to him, 'There is a woman who wishes to ask your
opinion about something,' and she insisted, 'I will only talk to him
about it.' When everyone had gone away, and she still had not left
his door, he said, 'Let her in.' So she went in and saw him and said,
'I have come to ask your opinion about something.' He said, 'What is
it?' She said, 'I borrowed a piece of jewellery from a neighbour of
mine, and I have worn it and used it for a long time. Then they sent
to me for it. Should I let them have it back?' He said, 'Yes, by
Allah.' She said, 'I have had it for a long time.' He said, 'It is
more correct for you to return it to them, since they have lent it to
you for such a long time.' She said, 'Yes. May Allah have mercy on
you. Do you then grieve over what Allah has lent you and then taken
from you, when He has a greater right to it than you?' Then he saw
the situation he was in, and Allah helped him by her words."
Muwatta Malik Book 16, Hadith 44
A paternal uncle of his who was present at Badr told him, that a man entered the masjid and prayed, and the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) was watching, but we did not realize. When he had finished, he came and greeted the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) with salam. He said: "Go back and pray, for you have not prayed." So he went back and prayed, then he came to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and he said: "Go back and pray, for you have not prayed." (This happened) two or three times. Then the man said to him: "By the One who has honored you , O Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), I have tried my best; teach me." He said: "When you get up to pray, perform wudu and do it well, then turn to face the Qiblah and say the takbir. Then recite the Quran, then bow until you are at ease in bowing. Then stand up until you are standing straight, then prostrate until you are at ease prostrating, then sit up until you are at ease sitting, then prostrate until you are at ease prostrating, then get up, and continue doing that until you have finished your prayer."
Sunan an-Nasa'i Book 13, Hadith 135
We were sitting with Ibn Masud when Khabbab came and said, "O Abu `Abdur-Rahman! Can these
young fellows recite Qur'an as you do?" Ibn Mas`ud said, "If you wish I can order one of them to
recite (Qur'an) for you ." Khabbab replied, "Yes. "Ibn Mas`ud said, "Recite, O 'Alqama!" On that,
Zaid bin Hudair, the brother of Ziyad bin Hudair said, (to Ibn Mas`ud), "Why have you ordered
'Alqama to recite though he does not recite better than we?" Ibn Mas`ud said, "If you like, I would tell
you what the Prophet (ﷺ) said about your nation and his (i.e. 'Alqama's) nation." So I recited fifty Verses
from Sura-Maryam. `Abdullah (bin Mas`ud) said to Khabbab, "What do you think (about 'Alqama's
recitation)?" Khabbab said, "He has recited well." `Abdullah said, "Whatever I recite, 'Alqama
recites." Then `Abdullah turned towards Khabbab and saw that he was wearing a gold ring,
whereupon he said, "Hasn't the time for its throwing away come yet?" Khabbab said, "You will not
see me wearing it after today," and he throw it away.
Sahih al-Bukhari Book 64, Hadith 414
someone fighting in the way of Allah, someone who collects
zakat, someone who has suffered (financial) loss (at the hands of
debtors), someone who buys it with his own money, and some one who has
a poor neighbour who receives some zakat and gives some as a present
to the one who is not in need."
Malik said, "The position
with us concerning the dividing up of zakat is that it is up to the
individual judgement of the man in charge (wali). Whichever categories
of people are in most need and are most numerous are given preference,
according to how the man in charge sees fit. It is possible that that
may change after one year, or two, or more, but it is always those who
are in need and are most numerous that are given preference, whatever
category they may belong to. This is what I have seen done by people
of knowledge with which I am satisifed."
Malik said, "There
is no fixed share for the collector of the zakat, except according to
what the imam sees fit."
Muwatta Malik Book 17, Hadith 32
There were three persons in Bani Isra'il, one suffering from leprosy, the other bald-headed and the third one blind. Allah decided to test them. So He sent an angel who came to the one who was suffering from leprosy and said: Which thing do you like most? He said: Beautiful colour and fine skin and removal of that which makes me detestable in the eye of people. He wiped him and his illness was no more and he was conferred upon beautiful colour and beautiful skin. He (the angel) again said: Which property do you like most? He said: Camels, or he said: The cow the narrator is, however, doubtful about it, but (out of the persons) suffering from leprosy or baldness one of them definitely said: The camel. And the other one said: Cow. And he (one who demanded camel) was bestowed upon a she-camel, in an advanced stage of pregnancy, and while giving he said: May Allah bless you in this. Then he came to the bald-headed person and said: Which thing do you like most? He said: Beautiful hair and that (this baldness) may be removed from me because of which people hate me. He wiped his body and his illness was removed and he was bestowed upon beautiful hair, and the angel said: Which wealth do you like most? He said: The cow. And he was given a pregnant cow and while handing it over to him he (the angel) said: May Allah bless you in this. Then he came to the blind man and he said: Which thing do you like most? He said: Allah should restore my eyesight so that I should be able to see people with the help of that. He wiped his body and Allah restored to him his eyesight, and he (the angel) also said: Which wealth do you like most? He said: The flock of sheep. And he was given a pregnant goat and that gave birth to young ones and it so happened that one valley abounded in camels and the other one in cows and the third one in sheep. He then came to the one who had suffered from leprosy in his (old) form and shape and he said: I am a poor person and my provision has run short in my journey and there is none to take me to my destination except with the help of Allah and your favour. I beg of you in His name Who gave you fine colour and fine skin, and the camel in the shape of wealth (to confer upon me) a camel which should carry me in my journey. He said: I have many responsibilities to discharge. Thereupon he said: I perceive as if I recognise you. Were you not suffering from leprosy whom people hated and you were a destitute and Allah conferred upon you (wealth)? He said: I have inherited this property from my forefathers. Thereupon he said: If you are a liar may Allah change you to that very position in which you had been. He then came to the one who was bald-headed in his (old) form and said to him the same what he had said to him (one suffering from leprosy) and he gave him the same reply as he had given him and he said: If you are a liar, may Allah turn you to your previous position in which you had been. And then he came to the blind man in his (old) form and shape and he said: I am a destitute person and a wayfarer. My provision have ran short and today there is no way to reach the destination but with the help of Allah and then with your help and I beg of you in the (name) of One Who restored your eyesight and gave you the flock of sheep to give me a sheep by which I should be able to make my provisions for the journey. He said: I was blind and Allah restored to me my eyesight; you take whatever you like and leave whatever you like. By Allah, I shall not stand in your way today for what you take in the name of God. Thereupon, he said: You keep with you what you have (in your possession). The fact is that you three were put to test and Allah is well pleased with you and He is annoyed with your companions.
Sahih Muslim Book 55, Hadith 15
"I said to Ibn 'Abbas that my grandmother makes Nabidh in an earthenware jar and it is sweet. If I drink a lot of it and sit with people, I am worried that they will find out. He said: 'The delegation of 'Abdul-Qais came to the Messenger of Allah and he said: Welcome to a delegation that is not disgraced or filled with regret. They said: O Messenger of Allah, the idolators are between us and you, and we can only reach you during the sacred months. Tell us of something which, if we do it, we will enter Paradise, and we can tell it to those whom we left behind. He said: I will enjoin three things upon you, and forbid four things to you. I order you to have faith in Allah, and do you know what faith in Allah is? They said: Allah and His Messenger know best. He said: (It means) testifying that there is none worthy of worship except Allah, establishing Salah, paying Zakah and giving one-fifth (the Khums) of the spoils of war. And I forbid four things to you: That which is soaked in Ad-Dubba', An-Naqir, Al-Hantam, and Al-Muzaffat.'"
Sunan an-Nasa'i Book 51, Hadith 154