“I saw the Messenger of
Allah
(ﷺ) offering the funeral prayer for a man among the Ansar, and
I
heard him say: ‘Allahumma salli ‘alayhi waghfirlahu warhamhu, wa
‘afihi wa’fu ‘anhu, waghsilhu bi ma’in wa thaljin wa baradin,
wa
naqqihi min adh-dhunubi wal-khataya kama yunaqqath-thawbul-abyadu
minad-danas, wa abdilhu bi darihi daran khayran min darihi, wa ahlan
khayran min ahlili, wa qihi fitnatal-qabri wa ‘adhaban-nar. (O
Allah,
send blessing upon him, forgive him, have mercy on him, keep
him safe
and sound, and pardon him; wash him with water and snow and
hail, and
cleanse him of sins just as a white garment is cleansed of
dirt. Give
him in exchange for his house that is better than his
house, and a
family that is better than his family. Protect him from
the trial of
the grave and the torment of the Fire).’”
Sunan Ibn Majah Book 6, Hadith 68
I was with Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) in a Ghazwa, and when we returned, I wanted to hurry, while riding a slow
camel. A rider came behind me. I looked back and saw that the rider was Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) . He said (to
me), "What makes you in such a hurry?" I replied, "I am newly married." He said, "Did you marry a
virgin or a matron?" I replied, "(Not a virgin but) a matron." He said, "Why didn't you marry a young
girl with whom you could play and who could play with you?" Then when we approached (Medina)
and were going to enter (it), the Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Wait till you enter (your homes) at night (in the first
part of the night) so that the ladies with unkempt hair may comb their hair, and those whose husbands
have been absent (for a long time) may shave their pubic hair." (The sub-narrator, Hashim said: A
reliable narrator told me that the Prophet (ﷺ) added in this Hadith: "(Seek to beget) children! Children, O
Jabir!")
Sahih al-Bukhari Book 67, Hadith 178
I was an interpreter between the people and Ibn `Abbas. Once Ibn `Abbas said that a delegation of the
tribe of `Abdul Qais came to the Prophet (ﷺ) who asked them, "Who are the people (i.e. you)? (Or) who
are the delegates?" They replied, "We are from the tribe of Rabi`a." Then the Prophet (ﷺ) said to them,
"Welcome, O people (or said, "O delegation (of `Abdul Qais).") Neither will you have disgrace nor
will you regret." They said, "We have come to you from a distant place and there is the tribe of the
infidels of Mudar intervening between you and us and we cannot come to you except in the sacred
month. So please order us to do something good (religious deeds) and that we may also inform our
people whom we have left behind (at home) and that we may enter Paradise (by acting on them.)" The
Prophet ordered them to do four things, and forbade them from four things. He ordered them to
believe in Allah Alone, the Honorable the Majestic and said to them, "Do you know what is meant by
believing in Allah Alone?" They replied, "Allah and His Apostle know better." Thereupon the Prophet (ﷺ)
said, "(That means to testify that none has the right to be worshipped but Allah and that Muhammad is
His Apostle, to offer prayers perfectly, to pay Zakat, to observe fasts during the month of Ramadan,
(and) to pay Al-Khumus (one fifth of the booty to be given in Allah's cause)." Then he forbade them
four things, namely Ad-Dubba.' Hantam, Muzaffat (and) An-Naqir or Muqaiyar (These were the
names of pots in which alcoholic drinks used to be prepared). The Prophet (ﷺ) further said, "Memorize
them (these instructions) and tell them to the people whom you have left behind."
Sahih al-Bukhari Book 3, Hadith 29
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) related to us, two prophetic narrations one of which I have seen fulfilled and I am
waiting for the fulfillment of the other. The Prophet (ﷺ) told us that the virtue of honesty descended in the
roots of men's hearts (from Allah) and then they learned it from the Qur'an and then they learned it
from the Sunna (the Prophet's traditions). The Prophet (ﷺ) further told us how that honesty will be taken
away: He said: "Man will go to sleep during which honesty will be taken away from his heart and only
its trace will remain in his heart like the trace of a dark spot; then man will go to sleep, during which
honesty will decrease further still, so that its trace will resemble the trace of blister as when an ember
is dropped on one's foot which would make it swell, and one would see it swollen but there would be
nothing inside. People would be carrying out their trade but hardly will there be a trustworthy person.
It will be said, 'in such-and-such tribe there is an honest man,' and later it will be said about some man,
'What a wise, polite and strong man he is!' Though he will not have faith equal even to a mustard seed
in his heart." No doubt, there came upon me a time when I did not mind dealing (bargaining) with
anyone of you, for if he was a Muslim his Islam would compel him to pay me what is due to me, and
if he was a Christian, the Muslim official would compel him to pay me what is due to me, but today I
do not deal except with such-and-such person.
Sahih al-Bukhari Book 92, Hadith 37
"There were kings after 'Isa bin Mariam who altered the Tawrah and the Injil, but there were among them believers who read the Tawrah. It was said to their kings: 'We have never heard of any slander worse than that of those (believers) who slander us and recite: "And whosoever does not judge by what Allah has revealed, such are the disbelievers." In these Verses, they are criticizing us for our deeds when they recite them.' So he called them together and gave them the choice between being put to death, or giving up reading the Tawrah and Injil, except for what had been altered. They said: 'Why do you want us to change? Leave us alone.' Some of them said: 'Build us a tower and let us go up there, and give us something to lift up our food and drink so we do not have to mix with you.' Others said: 'Let us go and wander throughout the land, and we will drink as the wild animals drink, and if you capture us in your land, you may kill us.' Others said: 'Build houses for us in the wilderness, and we will dig wells and grow vegetables, and we will not mix with you or pass by you, for there is no one of the tribes among whom we do not have close relatives.' So they did that, and Allah revealed the words: 'But the monasticism which they invented for themselves, We did not prescribe for them, but (they sought it) only to please Allah therewith, but that they did not observe it with the right observance.' Then others said: 'We will worship as so-and-so worshipped, and we will wander as so-and-so wandered, and we will adopt houses (in the wilderness) as so-and-so did.' But they were still following their Shirk with no knowledge of the faith of those whom they claimed to be following. When Allah sent the Prophet ; and He said: 'So that the people of the Scripture (Jews and Christians) may know that they have no power whatsoever over the Grace of Allah.'"
Sunan an-Nasa'i Book 49, Hadith 22
Once we were traveling with the Prophet (ﷺ) and we carried on traveling till the last part of the night and
then we (halted at a place) and slept (deeply). There is nothing sweeter than sleep for a traveler in the
last part of the night. So it was only the heat of the sun that made us to wake up and the first to wake
up was so and so, then so and so and then so and so (the narrator `Auf said that Abu Raja' had told
him their names but he had forgotten them) and the fourth person to wake up was `Umar bin Al-
Khattab. And whenever the Prophet (ﷺ) used to sleep, nobody would wake up him till he himself used to
get up as we did not know what was happening (being revealed) to him in his sleep. So, `Umar got up
and saw the condition of the people, and he was a strict man, so he said, "Allahu Akbar" and raised his
voice with Takbir, and kept on saying loudly till the Prophet (ﷺ) got up because of it. When he got up, the
people informed him about what had happened to them. He said, "There is no harm (or it will not be
harmful). Depart!" So they departed from that place, and after covering some distance the Prophet (ﷺ)
stopped and asked for some water to perform the ablution. So he performed the ablution and the call
for the prayer was pronounced and he led the people in prayer. After he finished from the prayer, he
saw a man sitting aloof who had not prayed with the people. He asked, "O so and so! What has
prevented you from praying with us?" He replied, "I am Junub and there is no water. " The Prophet (ﷺ)
said, "Perform Tayammum with (clean) earth and that is sufficient for you."
Then the Prophet (ﷺ) proceeded on and the people complained to him of thirst. Thereupon he got down
and called a person (the narrator `Auf added that Abu Raja' had named him but he had forgotten) and
`Ali, and ordered them to go and bring water. So they went in search of water and met a woman who
was sitting on her camel between two bags of water. They asked, "Where can we find water?" She
replied, "I was there (at the place of water) this hour yesterday and my people are behind me." They
requested her to accompany them. She asked, "Where?" They said, "To Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) ." She said,
"Do you mean the man who is called the Sabi, (with a new religion)?" They replied, "Yes, the same
person. So come along." They brought her to the Prophet (ﷺ) and narrated the whole story. He said, "Help
her to dismount." The Prophet (ﷺ) asked for a pot, then he opened the mouths of the bags and poured
some water into the pot. Then he closed the big openings of the bags and opened the small ones and
the people were called upon to drink and water their animals.
So they all watered their animals and they (too) all quenched their thirst and also gave water to others
and last of all the Prophet (ﷺ) gave a pot full of water to the person who was Junub and told him to pour it
over his body. The woman was standing and watching all that which they were doing with her water.
By Allah, when her water bags were returned the looked like as if they were more full (of water) than
they had been before (Miracle of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)) Then the Prophet (ﷺ) ordered us to collect something
for her; so dates, flour and Sawiq were collected which amounted to a good meal that was put in a
piece of cloth. She was helped to ride on her camel and that cloth full of foodstuff was also placed in
front of her and then the Prophet (ﷺ) said to her, "We have not taken your water but Allah has given water
to us." She returned home late. Her relatives asked her: "O so and so what has delayed you?" She said,
"A strange thing! Two men met me and took me to the man who is called the Sabi' and he did such
and such a thing. By Allah, he is either the greatest magician between this and this (gesturing with her
index and middle fingers raising them towards the sky indicating the heaven and the earth) or he is
Allah's true Apostle."
Afterwards the Muslims used to attack the pagans around her abode but never touched her village.
One day she said to her people, "I think that these people leave you purposely. Have you got any
inclination to Islam?" They obeyed her and all of them embraced Islam.
Abu `Abdullah said: The word Saba'a means "The one who has deserted his old religion and embraced
a new religion." Abul 'Ailya said, "The S`Abis are a sect of people of the Scripture who recite the
Book of Psalms."
Sahih al-Bukhari Book 7, Hadith 11
The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Paradise and Hell (Fire) quarrelled in the presence of their Lord. Paradise said, 'O
Lord! What is wrong with me that only the poor and humble people enter me ?' Hell (Fire) said, I have
been favored with the arrogant people.' So Allah said to Paradise, 'You are My Mercy,' and said to
Hell, 'You are My Punishment which I inflict upon whom I wish, and I shall fill both of you.'" The
Prophet added, "As for Paradise, (it will be filled with good people) because Allah does not wrong any
of His created things, and He creates for Hell (Fire) whomever He will, and they will be thrown into
it, and it will say thrice, 'Is there any more, till Allah (will put) His Foot over it and it will become full
and its sides will come close to each other and it will say, 'Qat! Qat! Qat! (Enough! Enough! Enough!)
.
Sahih al-Bukhari Book 97, Hadith 75
"Ammar bin Yasir led us in prayer and he made it brief. Some of the people said to him: 'You made the prayer sort (or brief).' He said: 'Nevertheless I still recited supplications that I heard from the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ).' When he got up and left, a man -- he was my father but he did not name himself -- followed him and asked him about that supplication, then he came and told the people:
"Allāhumma bi `ilmikal-ghaiba wa qudratika 'alal-khalqi aḥyinī mā `alimtal-ḥayāta khairan lī, wa tawaffanī idhā `alimtal-wafāta khairan lī. Allāhumma wa 'as'aluka khashyataka fil-ghaibi wash-shahādati wa 'as'aluka kalimatal-ḥaqqi fir-riḍā'i wal ghaḍab, wa as'alukal-qaṣda fil faqri wal-ghina, wa 'as'aluka na`īman lā yanfadu wa 'as'aluka qurrata `ainin lā tanqaṭi`u wa as'alukar-riḍā'i ba`dal-qaḍā'i wa 'as'aluka bardal `aishi ba`dal-mawti, wa 'as'aluka ladhdhatan-naẓari ilā wajhika wash-shawqa ilā liqā'ika fī ghairi ḍarrā'a muḍirratin wa lā fitnatin muḍillatin, Allāhumma zayyinnā bizīnatil-īmāni waj`alna hudātan muhtadīn (O Allah, by Your knowledge of the unseen and Your power over creation, keep me alive so long as You know that living is good for me and cause me to die when You know that death is better for me. O Allah, cause me to fear You in secret and in public. I ask You to make me true in speech in times of pleasure and of anger. I ask You to make me moderate in times of wealth and poverty. And I ask You for everlasting delight and joy that will never cease. I ask You to make me pleased with that which You have decreed and for an easy life after death. I askYou for the sweetness of looking upon Your face and a longing to meet You in a manner that does not entail a calamity that will bring about harm or a trial that will cause deviation. O Allah, beautify us with the adornment of faith and make us among those who guide and are rightly guided."
Sunan an-Nasa'i Book 13, Hadith 127
A man came to the Prophet. The Prophet (ﷺ) sent a messenger to his wives (to bring something for that
man to eat) but they said that they had nothing except water. Then Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "Who will
take this (person) or entertain him as a guest?" An Ansar man said, "I." So he took him to his wife and
said to her, "Entertain generously the guest of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) " She said, "We have got nothing except
the meals of my children." He said, "Prepare your meal, light your lamp and let your children sleep if
they ask for supper." So she prepared her meal, lighted her lamp and made her children sleep, and then
stood up pretending to mend her lamp, but she put it off. Then both of them pretended to be eating,
but they really went to bed hungry. In the morning the Ansari went to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) who said,
"Tonight Allah laughed or wondered at your action." Then Allah revealed:
"But give them (emigrants) preference over themselves even though they were in need of that And
whosoever is saved from the covetousness Such are they who will be successful." (59.9)
Sahih al-Bukhari Book 63, Hadith 23
the Prophet came to visit 'Abdullah bin Thabit (when he was sick) and found him very close to death. He called out to him and he did not respond, so the Messenger of Allah said: "Truly, to Allah we belong and truly, to Him we shall return," and said: "We wanted you to live but we were overtaken by the decree of Allah, O Abu Ar-Rabi." The women screamed and wept, and Ibn "Atik started telling them to quiet. The Messenger of Allah said: "Leave them; when the inevitable comes, no one should weep." They said: "What is the inevitable, O Messenger of Allah?" He said: "Death." His daughter said: "I had hoped that you would become a martyr, for you had prepared yourself for it." The Messenger of Allah said: "Allah, the Mighty and Sublime, has rewarded him according to his intention. What do you think martyrdom is?" They said: "Being killed for the sake of Allah." The Messenger of Allah said: "Martyrdom is of seven types besides being killed for the sake of Allah. The one who dies of the plague is a martyr; the one who is crushed by a falling building is a martyr; the one who is crusheds by a falling building is a martyr; the one who dies of pleurisy is a martyr; the one who dies of pleurisy is a martyr; the one who is burned to death is a martyr, and the woman who dies in pregnancy is a martyr."
Sunan an-Nasa'i Book 21, Hadith 29
Jarir said "Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said to me, "Won't you relieve me from Dhul-Khalasa?" I replied, "Yes, (I
will relieve you)." So I proceeded along with one-hundred and fifty cavalry from Ahmas tribe who
were skillful in riding horses. I used not to sit firm over horses, so I informed the Prophet (ﷺ) of that, and
he stroke my chest with his hand till I saw the marks of his hand over my chest and he said, O Allah!
Make him firm and one who guides others and is guided (on the right path).' Since then I have never
fallen from a horse. Dhul-l--Khulasa was a house in Yemen belonging to the tribe of Khatham and
Bajaila, and in it there were idols which were worshipped, and it was called Al-Ka`ba." Jarir went
there, burnt it with fire and dismantled it. When Jarir reached Yemen, there was a man who used to
foretell and give good omens by casting arrows of divination. Someone said to him. "The messenger
of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) is present here and if he should get hold of you, he would chop off your neck." One
day while he was using them (i.e. arrows of divination), Jarir stopped there and said to him, "Break
them (i.e. the arrows) and testify that None has the right to be worshipped except Allah, or else I will
chop off your neck." So the man broke those arrows and testified that none has the right to be
worshipped except Allah. Then Jarir sent a man called Abu Artata from the tribe of Ahmas to the
Prophet to convey the good news (of destroying Dhu-l-Khalasa). So when the messenger reached the
Prophet, he said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! By Him Who sent you with the Truth, I did not leave it till it was
like a scabby camel." Then the Prophet (ﷺ) blessed the horses of Ahmas and their men five times.
Sahih al-Bukhari Book 64, Hadith 383
The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) wrote a letter about sadaqah (zakat) but he died before he could send it to his governors. He had kept it with his sword. So AbuBakr acted upon it till he died, and then Umar acted upon it till he died.
It contained: "For five camels one goat is to be given; for ten camels two goats are to be given; for fifteen camels three goats are to be given; for twenty camels four goats are to be given; for twenty-five to thirty-five camels a she-camel in her second year is to be given. If the number exceeds by one up to seventy camels, a she-camel in her fourth year is to be given; if they exceed by one up to seventy-five camels, a she-camel in her fifth year is to be given; if they exceed by one up to ninety camels, two she-camels in their third year are to be given; if they exceed by one up to one hundred and twenty, two she-camels in their fourth year are to be given. If the camels are more than this, a she-camel in her fourth year is to be given for every fifty camels, and a she-camel in her third year is to be given for every forty camels.
For forty to one hundred and twenty goats one goat is to be given; if they exceed by one up to two hundred, two goats are to be given. If they exceed by one up to three hundred, three goats are to be given; if the goats are more than this, one goat for every hundred goats is to be given. Nothing is payable until they reach one hundred. Those which are in one flock are not to be separated, and those which are in separate flocks are not be brought together from fear of sadaqah (zakat). Regarding that which belongs to two partners, they can make claims for restitution from each other with equity. An old goat and a defective one are not to be accepted as sadaqah (zakat)."
Az-Zuhri said: When the collector comes, the goats will be apportioned into three flocks: one containing bad, the second good, and the third moderate. The collector will take zakat from the moderate. Az-Zuhri did not mention the cows (to be apportioned in three flocks).
Sunan Abi Dawud Book 9, Hadith 13
(the mother of believers) Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) during his fatal ailment said, "Order Abu Bakr to lead the
people in prayer." I said, "If Abu Bakr stood at your place (in prayers, the people will not be able to
hear him because of his weeping, so order `Umar to lead the people in prayer." He again said, "Order
Abu Bakr to lead the people in prayer " Then I said to Hafsa, "Will you say (to the Prophet), 'If Abu
Bakr stood at your place, the people will not be able to hear him be cause of his weeping, so order
`Umar to lead the people in prayer?" Hafsa did so, whereupon Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "You are like the
companions of Joseph (See Qur'an, 12:30-32). Order Abu Bakr to lead the people in prayer." Hafsa
then said to me, "I have never received any good from you!"
Sahih al-Bukhari Book 96, Hadith 34
Aisha said, "I went to Abu Bakr (during his fatal illness) and he asked me, 'In how many garments
was the Prophet (ﷺ) shrouded?' She replied, 'In three Suhuliya pieces of white cloth of cotton, and there
was neither a shirt nor a turban among them.' Abu Bakr further asked her, 'On which day did the
Prophet die?' She replied, 'He died on Monday.' He asked, 'What is today?' She replied, 'Today is
Monday.' He added, 'I hope I shall die sometime between this morning and tonight.' Then he looked at
a garment that he was wearing during his illness and it had some stains of saffron. Then he said, 'Wash
this garment of mine and add two more garments and shroud me in them.' I said, 'This is worn out.' He
said, 'A living person has more right to wear new clothes than a dead one; the shroud is only for the
body's pus.' He did not die till it was the night of Tuesday and was buried before the morning."
Sahih al-Bukhari Book 23, Hadith 139
A blind man had a slave-mother who used to abuse the Prophet (ﷺ) and disparage him. He forbade her but she did not stop. He rebuked her but she did not give up her habit. One night she began to slander the Prophet (ﷺ) and abuse him. So he took a dagger, placed it on her belly, pressed it, and killed her. A child who came between her legs was smeared with the blood that was there. When the morning came, the Prophet (ﷺ) was informed about it.
He assembled the people and said: I adjure by Allah the man who has done this action and I adjure him by my right to him that he should stand up. Jumping over the necks of the people and trembling the man stood up.
He sat before the Prophet (ﷺ) and said: Messenger of Allah! I am her master; she used to abuse you and disparage you. I forbade her, but she did not stop, and I rebuked her, but she did not abandon her habit. I have two sons like pearls from her, and she was my companion. Last night she began to abuse and disparage you. So I took a dagger, put it on her belly and pressed it till I killed her.
Thereupon the Prophet (ﷺ) said: Oh be witness, no retaliation is payable for her blood.
Sunan Abi Dawud Book 40, Hadith 11
Yahya related to me from Malik from Zayd ibn Aslam that the
Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "If
someone changes his deen - strike his neck!"
The meaning of
the statement of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,
in our opinion and Allah knows best, is that "if someone changes his
deen, strike his neck!" refers to those who leave Islam for other than
it - like the heretics and their like, about whom it is known. They
are killed without being called to tawba because their tawba is not
recognised. They were hiding their kufr and publishing their Islam, so
I do not think that one calls such people to tawba, and one does not
accept their word. As for the one who goes out of Islam to something
else and divulges it, one calls him to tawba. If he does not turn in
tawba, he is killed. If there are people in that situation, I think
that one should call them to Islam and call them to tawba. If they
turn in tawba, that is accepted from them. If they do not turn in
tawba, they are killed. That does not refer as we see it, and Allah
knows best, to those who come out of Judaism to Christianity or from
Christianity to Judaism, nor to someone who changes his deen from the
various forms of deen except for Islam. Whoever comes out of Islam to
other than it and divulges that, that is the one who is referred to,
and Allah knows best!
Muwatta Malik Book 36, Hadith 25
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "Tonight two (visitors) came to me (in my dream) and took me to a town built
with gold bricks and silver bricks. There we met men who, half of their bodies, look like the mosthandsome
human beings you have ever seen, and the other half, the ugliest human beings you have
ever seen. Those two visitors said to those men, 'Go and dip yourselves in that river. So they dipped
themselves therein and then came to us, their ugliness having disappeared and they were in the mosthandsome
shape. The visitors said, 'The first is the Garden of Eden and that is your dwelling place.'
Then they added, 'As for those people who were half ugly and half handsome, they were those who
mixed good deeds and bad deeds, but Allah forgave them."
Sahih al-Bukhari Book 65, Hadith 196