(regarding the Verse):-- "Those of you who die and leave wives behind. They - (their wives) -- shall
wait (as regards their marriage ) for four months and ten days)." (2.234)
The widow, according to this Verse, was to spend this period of waiting with her husband's family, so
Allah revealed: "Those of you who die and leave wives (i.e. widows) should bequeath for their wives,
a year's maintenance and residences without turning them out, but if they leave (their residence), there
is no blame on you for what they do with themselves provided it is honorable.' (i.e. lawful marriage)
(2.240).
So Allah entitled the widow to be bequeathed extra maintenance for seven months and twenty nights,
and that is the completion of one year. If she wished she could stay (in her husband's home) according
to the will, and she could leave it if she wished, as Allah says:
"..without turning them out, but if they leave (the residence), there is no blame on you." So the 'Idda
(i.e. four months and ten days as it) is obligatory for her.
'Ata said: Ibn `Abbas said, "This Verse, i.e. the Statement of Allah: "..without turning them out.."
cancelled the obligation of staying for the waiting period in her dead husband's house, and she can
complete this period wherever she likes." 'Ata's aid: If she wished, she could complete her 'Idda by
staying in her dead husband's residence according to the will or leave it according to Allah's
Statement:--
"There is no blame on you for what they do with themselves." `Ata' added: Later the regulations of
inheritance came and abrogated the order of the dwelling of the widow (in her dead husband's house),
so she could complete the 'Idda wherever she likes. And it was no longer necessary to provide her
with a residence. Ibn `Abbas said, "This Verse abrogated her (i.e. widow's) dwelling in her dead
husband's house and she could complete the 'Idda (i.e. four months and ten days) wherever she liked,
as Allah's Statement says:--"...without turning them out..."
Sahih al-Bukhari Book 65, Hadith 54
Yahya related to me from Malik from Abd ar-Rahman ibn al-Qasim
from his father that A'isha said, "I came to Makka at the time of my
period so I did not do tawaf of the House or go between Safa and
Marwa. I complained to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and
grant him peace, and he said, 'Do what the people doing hajj do except
do not do tawaf of the House and go between Safa and Marwa until you
are pure.' "
Malik said, concerning a woman who entered ihram
for umra at the time of hajj, and she arrived in Makka during her
period and so could not do tawaf of the House, "When she fears that
the time (for hajj) is getting close, she gets into ihram for the hajj
and sacrifices an animal. She is like someone who combines the hajj
and the umra. One tawaf is enough for her. If a women starts her
period after she has already done tawaf of the House and prayed, she
does say between Safa and Marwa and stops at Arafa and Muzdalifa and
stones the jamras but she does not do the tawaf al-ifada until she is
pure and has finished her menses."
Muwatta Malik Book 20, Hadith 236
Once, while I was sitting with the companions of the Prophet (ﷺ) at a station on the road to Mecca and
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) was stationing ahead of us and all the people were assuming Ihram while I was not.
My companion, saw an onager while I was busy Mending my shoes. They did not Inform me of the
onager but they wished that I would see it Suddenly I looked and saw the onager Then I headed
towards my horse, saddled it and rode, but I forgot to take the lash and the spear. So I said to them my
companions), "Give me the lash and the spear." But they said, "No, by Allah we will not help you in
any way to hunt it ' I got angry, dismounted, took it the spear and the lash), rode (the horse chased the
onager and wounded it Then I brought it when it had dyed. My companions started eating of its
(cooked) meat, but they suspected that it might be unlawful to eat of its meat while they were in a
state of Ihram Then I proceeded further and I kept one of its forelegs with me. When we met Allah's
Apostle we asked him about that. He said, "Have you some of its meat with you?" I gave him that
foreleg and he ate the meat till he stripped the bone of its flesh although he was in a state of Ihram.
Sahih al-Bukhari Book 70, Hadith 35
I heard `Aisha saying, "When the news of the martyrdom of Ibn Haritha, Ja`far bin Abi Talib and
`Abdullah bin Rawaka reached, Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) sat with sorrow explicit on his face." `Aisha added, "I
was then peeping through a chink in the door. A man came to him and said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! The
women of Ja`far are crying.' Thereupon the Prophet (ﷺ) told him to forbid them to do so. So the man went
away and returned saying, "I forbade them but they did not listen to me." The Prophet (ﷺ) ordered him
again to go (and forbid them). He went again and came saying, 'By Allah, they overpowered me (i.e.
did not listen to me)." `Aisha said that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said (to him), "Go and throw dust into their
mouths." Aisha added, "I said, May Allah put your nose in the dust! By Allah, neither have you done
what you have been ordered, nor have you relieved Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) from trouble."
Sahih al-Bukhari Book 64, Hadith 297
When Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) set out (towards Mecca) during the year of the Conquest (of Mecca) and this
news reached (the infidels of Quraish), Abu Sufyan, Hakim bin Hizam and Budail bin Warqa came
out to gather information about Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) , They proceeded on their way till they reached a place
called Marr-az-Zahran (which is near Mecca). Behold! There they saw many fires as if they were the
fires of `Arafat. Abu Sufyan said, "What is this? It looked like the fires of `Arafat." Budail bin Warqa'
said, "Banu `Amr are less in number than that." Some of the guards of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) saw them and
took them over, caught them and brought them to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ). Abu Sufyan embraced Islam.
When the Prophet (ﷺ) proceeded, he said to Al-Abbas, "Keep Abu Sufyan standing at the top of the
mountain so that he would look at the Muslims. So Al-`Abbas kept him standing (at that place) and
the tribes with the Prophet (ﷺ) started passing in front of Abu Sufyan in military batches. A batch passed
and Abu Sufyan said, "O `Abbas Who are these?" `Abbas said, "They are (Banu) Ghifar." Abu Sufyan
said, I have got nothing to do with Ghifar." Then (a batch of the tribe of) Juhaina passed by and he
said similarly as above. Then (a batch of the tribe of) Sa`d bin Huzaim passed by and he said similarly
as above. then (Banu) Sulaim passed by and he said similarly as above. Then came a batch, the like of
which Abu Sufyan had not seen. He said, "Who are these?" `Abbas said, "They are the Ansar headed
by Sa`d bin Ubada, the one holding the flag." Sa`d bin Ubada said, "O Abu Sufyan! Today is the day
of a great battle and today (what is prohibited in) the Ka`ba will be permissible." Abu Sufyan said., "O
`Abbas! How excellent the day of destruction is! "Then came another batch (of warriors) which was
the smallest of all the batches, and in it there was Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and his companions and the flag of
the Prophet (ﷺ) was carried by Az-Zubair bin Al Awwam. When Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) passed by Abu Sufyan,
the latter said, (to the Prophet), "Do you know what Sa`d bin 'Ubada said?" The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "What
did he say?" Abu Sufyan said, "He said so-and-so." The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Sa`d told a lie, but today Allah
will give superiority to the Ka`ba and today the Ka`ba will be covered with a (cloth) covering."
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) ordered that his flag be fixed at Al-Hajun.
Narrated `Urwa: Nafi` bin Jubair bin Mut`im said, "I heard Al-Abbas saying to Az-Zubair bin Al-
`Awwam, 'O Abu `Abdullah ! Did Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) order you to fix the flag here?' " Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)
ordered Khalid bin Al-Walid to enter Mecca from its upper part from Ka'da while the Prophet (ﷺ) himself
entered from Kuda. Two men from the cavalry of Khalid bin Al-Wahd named Hubaish bin Al-Ash'ar
and Kurz bin Jabir Al-Fihri were martyred on that day.
Sahih al-Bukhari Book 64, Hadith 314
Abu Bakr came to my father who was at home and purchased a saddle from him. He said to `Azib.
"Tell your son to carry it with me." So I carried it with him and my father followed us so as to take the
price (of the saddle). My father said, "O Abu Bakr! Tell me what happened to you on your night
journey with Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) (during Migration)." He said, "Yes, we travelled the whole night and also
the next day till midday. when nobody could be seen on the way ( because of the severe heat) . Then
there appeared a long rock having shade beneath it, and the sunshine had not come to it yet. So we
dismounted there and I levelled a place and covered it with an animal hide or dry grass for the Prophet (ﷺ)
to sleep on (for a while).
I then said, 'Sleep, O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ), and I will guard you.' So he slept and I went out to guard him.
Suddenly I saw a shepherd coming with his sheep to that rock with the same intention we had when
we came to it. I asked (him). 'To whom do you belong, O boy?' He replied, 'I belong to a man from
Medina or Mecca.' I said, 'Do your sheep have milk?' He said, 'Yes.' I said, 'Will you milk for us?' He
said, 'Yes.' He caught hold of a sheep and I asked him to clean its teat from dust, hairs and dirt. (The
sub-narrator said that he saw Al-Bara' striking one of his hands with the other, demonstrating how the
shepherd removed the dust.) The shepherd milked a little milk in a wooden container and I had a
leather container which I carried for the Prophet (ﷺ) to drink and perform the ablution from. I went to the
Prophet, hating to wake him up, but when I reached there, the Prophet (ﷺ) had already awakened; so I
poured water over the middle part of the milk container, till the milk was cold. Then I said, 'Drink, O
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)!' He drank till I was pleased.
Then he asked, 'Has the time for our departure come?' I said, 'Yes.' So we departed after midday.
Suraqa bin Malik followed us and I said, 'We have been discovered, O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)!' He said, Don't
grieve for Allah is with us.' The Prophet (ﷺ) invoked evil on him (i.e. Suraqa) and so the legs of his horse
sank into the earth up to its belly. (The subnarrator, Zuhair is not sure whether Abu Bakr said, "(It
sank) into solid earth.") Suraqa said, 'I see that you have invoked evil on me. Please invoke good on
me, and by Allah, I will cause those who are seeking after you to return.' The Prophet (ﷺ) invoked good
on him and he was saved. Then, whenever he met somebody on the way, he would say, 'I have looked
for him here in vain.' So he caused whomever he met to return. Thus Suraqa fulfilled his promise."
Sahih al-Bukhari Book 61, Hadith 122
"The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) addressed us and taught us our Sunnahs and our prayer. He said: 'When you stand for the prayer, make your rows straight, then let one of you lead the others. When he says the takbir, then say the takbir; when he says : "Wa lad-dallin" then say "Amin" and Allah (SWT) will answer you. Then when he says the takbir and bows, then say the takbir and bow, for the Imam bows before you and stands up before you.' The Prophet of Allah (ﷺ) said: "This makes up for that. When he says: 'Sami' Allahu liman hamidah (Allah hears the one who praises Him),' say: 'Allahumma, Rabbana wa lakal-hamd (O Allah, our Lord, to You be praise),' Allah will hear you, for indeed Allah (SWT), the Mighty and Sublime, has said on the tongue of His Prophet: "Allah hears the one who praises Him." Then when he says the takbir and prostrates, say the takbir and prostrate, for the Imam prostrates before you and rises before you.' The Prophet of Allah (ﷺ) said: 'This makes up for that. Then when you are sitting, let the following be among what one of you says: At-tahiyyatu lillahi wasalawatu wat-tayibaat, as-salamu 'alaika ayah-Nabiyyu wa rahmatAllahi wa baraktuhu. As-salamu 'alaina a 'ala ibad illahis-salihin, ashadu an la ilaha ill Allah, wa ashhadu anna Muhammadan 'abduhu wa rasuluhu. (All compliments, prayers and pure words are due to Allah. Peace be upon you O Prophet, and the mercy of Allah and His blessings. Peace be upon us and upon the righteous slaves of Allah. I bear witness that that none has the right to be worshipped except Allah, and I bear witness that Muhammad is His slave and messenger.)"
Sunan an-Nasa'i Book 13, Hadith 102
His uncle (Anas bin An-Nadr) was absent from the battle
of Badr and he said, "I was absent from the first battle of the
Prophet (i.e. Badr battle), and if Allah should let me participate in
(a battle) with the Prophet, Allah will see how strongly I will
fight." So he encountered the day of Uhud battle. The Muslims fled and
he said, "O Allah ! I appeal to You to excuse me for what these people
(i.e. the Muslims) have done, and I am clear from what the pagans have
done." Then he went forward with his sword and met Sad bin Mu'adh
(fleeing), and asked him, "Where are you going, O Sad? I detect a
smell of Paradise before Uhud." Then he proceeded on and was martyred.
No-body was able to recognize him till his sister recognized him by a
mole on his body or by the tips of his fingers. He had over 80 wounds
caused by stabbing, striking or shooting with arrows.
Sahih al-Bukhari Book 64, Hadith 94
There was an eclipse of the sun in the time of the Prophet (ﷺ). The Prophet stood for a long time, accompanied by the people. He then bowed, then raised his head, then he bowed and then he raised his head, and again he bowed and prayed two rak'ahs of prayer. In each rak'ah he bowed three times. After bowing for the third time he prostrated himself. He stood for such a long time that some people became unconscious on that occasion and buckets of water had to be poured on them. When he bowed, he said, Allah is most great; and when he raised his head, he said, Allah listens to him who praises Him, till the sun became bright. then he said: The sun and the moon are not eclipsed on account of anyone's death or on account of anyone's birth, but they are two of Allah's signs, He produces dread in His servants by means of them. When they are eclipsed, hasten to prayer
Sunan Abi Dawud Book 3, Hadith 17
"We set out as pilgrims and came to Al-Madinah intending to perform Hajj. While we were in our camping place unloading our mounts, someone came to us and said: 'The people have gathered in the Masjid and there is panis.' So we set out and found the people gathered around a group in the middle of the Masjid, among whom were 'Ali, Zubayr, Talhah and Sa'd bin Abi Waqas. While we were like that, 'Uthman, may Allah be pleased with him, came, wearing a yellow cloak with which he had covered his head. He said: 'Is Talhah here? Is Az-Zubair here? Is Sa'd here?' They said: 'Yes.' He said: 'I adjure you be the One beside Whom there is none worthy of worship, din't the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say: Whoever buys the Mirbad of Banu so-and so, Allah will forgive him, and I bought it for twenty or twenty-five thousand, then I came to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and told him, and he said: Add it to our Masjid and the reward for it will be yours?' They said: 'By Allah, yes.' He said: 'I adjure you by the One beside Whom there is none worthy of worship, didn't the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say: Whoever buys the well of Rumah, Allah will forgive him, so I bought it for such and such and amount, then I came to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and told him, and he said: Give it to provide water for the Muslims, and the reward for it will be yours?' They said: 'By Allah, yes.' He said: 'I adjure you by the One beside Whom there is none worthy of worship, didn't the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say: Whoever equips these (men)- meaning the army of Al-'Usrah (Tabuk) - Allah will forgive him, so I equipped them until they were not lacking even a rope or a bridle?' They said: 'By Allah, yes.' He said: 'O Allah, bear witness, O Allah, bear witness, O Allah, bear witness.'"
Mirbad: A place for drying dates.
Sunan an-Nasa'i Book 25, Hadith 98