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Hadith 34806
Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi that Abdullah ibn Umar
said, "If someone breaks an oath which he has stressed, he has to free
a slave, or clothe ten poor people. If someone breaks an oath, but has
not stressed it, he only has to feed ten poor people and each poor
person is fed a mudd of wheat. Some one who does not have the means
for that, should fast for three days."
Muwatta Malik Book 22, Hadith 13
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Yahya related to me from Malik from Suhayl ibn Abi Salih from his
father from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless
him and grant him peace, said, "Whoever makes an oath and then sees
that something else would be better than it, should do kaffara for his
oath and do what is better."
Yahya said that he heard Malik
say, "Anyone who says that he has a vow but does not mention the name
of Allah, is still obliged to make the kaffara for an oath (if he
breaks it)".
Malik said, "Emphasis is when a man swears one
thing several times, repeating the oath in his speech time after time.
For instance, the statement, 'By Allah, I will not decrease it from
such-and-such,' sworn three times or more. The kaffara of that is like
the kaffara of one oath. If a man swears, 'I will not eat this food or
wear these clothes or enter this house,' that is all in one oath, and
he is only obliged to do one kaffara. It is the same for a man who
says to his wife, 'You are divorced if I clothe you in this garment or
let you go to the mosque,' and it is one entire statement in the
normal pattern of speech. If he breaks any of that oath, divorce is
necessary, and there is no breaking of oath after that in whatever he
does. There is only one oath to be broken in that."
Malik
said, "What we do about a woman who makes a vow without her husband's
permission is that she is allowed to do so and she must fulfill it, if
it only concerns her own person and will not harm her husband. If,
however, it will harm her husband, he may forbid her to fulfill it,
but it remains an obligation against her until she has the opportunity
to complete it." Muwatta Malik Book 22, Hadith 12
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Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi that Abdullah ibn Umar
used to do kaffara for a broken oath by feeding ten poor people. Each
person got a mudd of wheat. He sometimes freed a slave if he had
repeated the oath. Muwatta Malik Book 22, Hadith 14