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Hadith 34391
Yahya related to me from Malik from Thawr ibn Zayd ad-Dili from
Abdullah ibn Abbas that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him
and grant him peace, once mentioned Ramadan and said, "Do not start
the fast or break it until you see the new moon. If the new moon is
obscured from you, then complete a full thirty days."
Muwatta Malik Book 18, Hadith 3
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Yahya related to me from Malik from Abdullah ibn Dinar from
Abdullah ibn Umar that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and
grant him peace, said, "A month has twenty-nine days in it. Do not
start the fast or break it until you see the new moon. If the new moon
is obscured from you, then work out (when it should be)." Muwatta Malik Book 18, Hadith 2
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Yahya related to me from Malik that he had heard that once in the
time of Uthman ibn Affan the new moon had been seen in the afternoon
and Uthman did not break his fast until evening had come and the sun
had set.
Yahya said that he had heard Malik say that some one
who sees the new moon of Ramadan when he is on his own should start
the fast and not break it if he knows that that day is part of
Ramadan. He added, "Some one who sees the new moon of Shawwal when he
is on his own does not break the fast, because people suspect the
reliability of someone among them who breaks the fast. Such people
should say, when they sight the new moon, 'We have seen the new moon.'
Whoever sees the new moon of Shawwal during the day should not break
his fast but should continue fasting for the rest of that day. This is
because it is really the new moon of the night that is coming ."
Yahya said that he heard Malik say, "If people are fasting on the
day of Fitr thinking that it is still Ramadan and then definite
evidence comes to them that the new moon of Ramadan had been seen one
day before they began to fast and that they are now into the thirty-
first day, then they should break the fast on that day at whatever
time the news comes to them. However, they do not pray the id prayer
if they hear the news after the sun has begun to decline." Muwatta Malik Book 18, Hadith 4