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Hadith 34342
Yahya related to me from Malik that Yahya ibn Said bought some
property on behalf of his brother's sons who were orphans in his
house, and that that property was sold afterwards for a great deal of
profit.
Malik said, "There is no harm in using the property
of orphans to trade with on their behalf if the one in charge of them
has permission. Furthermore, I do not think that he is under any
liability."
Muwatta Malik Book 17, Hadith 17
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Yahya related to me from Malik that he had heard that A'isha, the
wife of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to
give the property of the orphans that were in her house to whoever
would use it to trade with on their behalf. Muwatta Malik Book 17, Hadith 16
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Yahya related to me that Malik said, "I consider that if a man
dies and he has not paid zakat on his property, then zakat is taken
from the third of his property (from which he can make bequests), and
the third is not exceeded and the zakat is given priority over
bequests. In my opinion it is the same as if he had a debt, which is
why I think it should be given priority over bequests."
Malik
continued, "This applies if the deceased has asked for the zakat to be
deducted. If the deceased has not asked for it to be deducted but his
family do so then that is good, but it is not binding upon them if
they do not do it."
Malik continued, "The sunna which we are
all agreed upon is that zakat is not due from someone who inherits a
debt (i.e. wealth that was owed to the deceased), or goods, or a
house, or a male or female slave, until a year has elapsed over the
price realised from whatever he sells (i.e. slaves or a house, which
are not zakatable) or over the wealth he inherits, from the day he
sold the things, or took possession of them."
Malik said,
"The sunna with us is that zakat does not have to be paid on wealth
that is inherited until a year has elapsed over it." Muwatta Malik Book 17, Hadith 18