A version of the tradition with a slightly different wording has been narrated by another chain of transmitters.
Sahih Muslim Book 32, Hadith 129
← Previous Hadith It appeared to me as if I saw the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) (and heard him) relate the story of a Prophet who had been beaten by his people, was wiping the blood from his face and was saying. My Lord, forgive my people, for they do not know.

Sahih Muslim Book 32, Hadith 128 Next Hadith → This is what has been related to us by Abu Huraira from the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ). (With this introduction) he narrated a number of traditions. One of these was that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: Great is the wrath of Allah upon a people who have done this to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), and he was at that time pointing to his front teeth. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) also said: Great is the wrath of Allah upon a person who has been killed by the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) in the way of Allah, the Exalted and Glorious.

Sahih Muslim Book 32, Hadith 130