Rifa`a divorced his wife whereupon `AbdurRahman bin Az-Zubair Al-Qurazi married her. `Aisha said
that the lady (came), wearing a green veil (and complained to her (Aisha) of her husband and showed
her a green spot on her skin caused by beating). It was the habit of ladies to support each other, so
when Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) came, `Aisha said, "I have not seen any woman suffering as much as the
believing women. Look! Her skin is greener than her clothes!" When `AbdurRahman heard that his
wife had gone to the Prophet, he came with his two sons from another wife. She said, "By Allah! I
have done no wrong to him but he is impotent and is as useless to me as this," holding and showing
the fringe of her garment, `Abdur-Rahman said, "By Allah, O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! She has told a lie! I am
very strong and can satisfy her but she is disobedient and wants to go back to Rifa`a." Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)
said, to her, "If that is your intention, then know that it is unlawful for you to remarry Rifa`a unless
`Abdur-Rahman has had sexual intercourse with you." Then the Prophet (ﷺ) saw two boys with `Abdur-
Rahman and asked (him), "Are these your sons?" On that `AbdurRahman said, "Yes." The Prophet (ﷺ)
said, "You claim what you claim (i.e.. that he is impotent)? But by Allah, these boys resemble him as
a crow resembles a crow,"
Sahih al-Bukhari Book 77, Hadith 42
Yahya said that he heard Malik say, "The way of doing things
generally agreed upon in our community in the case of a man who dies
and has sons and one of them claims, 'My father confirmed that so-and-
so was his son,' is that the relationship is not established by the
testimony of one man, and the confirmation of the one who confirmed it
is only permitted as regards his own share in the division of his
father's property. The one testified for is only given his due from
the share of the testifier."
Malik said, "An example of this
is that a man dies leaving two sons, and 600 dinars. Each of them
takes 300 dinars. Then one of them testifies that his deceased father
confirmed that so-and-so was his son. The one who testifies is obliged
to give 100 dinars to the one thus connected. This is half of the
inheritance of the one thought to be related, had he been related. If
the other confirms him, he takes the other 100 and so he completes his
right and his relationship is established. His position is similar to
that of a woman who confirms a debt against her father or her husband
and the other heirs deny it. She must pay to the person whose debt she
confirms, the amount according to her share of the full debt, had it
been confirmed against all the heirs. If the woman inherits an eighth,
she pays the creditor an eighth of his debt. If a daughter inherits a
half, she pays the creditor half of his debt. Whichever women confirm
him, pay him according to this.
Malik said, "If a man's
testimony is in agreement with what the woman testified to, that so-
and-so had a debt against his father, the creditor is made to take an
oath with one witness and he is given all his due. This is not the
position with women because a man's testimony is allowed and the
creditor must take an oath with the testimony of his witness, and take
all his due. If he does not take an oath, he only takes from the
inheritance of the one who confirmed him according to his share of the
debt, because he confirmed his right and the other heirs denied it. It
is permitted for him to confirm it."
Muwatta Malik Book 36, Hadith 34
"Why don't you pledge to me upon that which the women have pledged: That you will not associate anything with Allah, that you will not steal, that you will not have unlawful sexual relations, that you will not utter slander, fabricating from between your hands and feet, and that you will not disobey me in goodness (Ma'ruf)?" We said: "yes, O Messenger of Allah." So we gave him our pledge, on that basis. The Messenger of Allah said: "Whoever commits any of these actions after that, and is punished, that will be an expiation. Whoever is not punished, then his affair is up to Allah; if He wills, He will forgive him, and if He wills, He will punish him."
Sunan an-Nasa'i Book 39, Hadith 14