the daughter of Abu Talib: I went to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) on the day of the conquest of Mecca and found
him taking a bath, and his daughter Fatima was screening him. I greeted him and he asked, "Who is
that?" I said, "I, Um Hani bint Abi Talib." He said, "Welcome, O Um Hani." When he had finished his
bath, he stood up and offered eight rak`at while dressed in one garment. I said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)!
My brother `Ali has declared that he will kill a man to whom I have granted asylum. The man is so
and-so bin Hubaira." Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "O Um Hani! We will grant asylum to the one whom you
have granted asylum." (Um Hani said, "That (visit) took place in the Duha (i.e. forenoon)).
Sahih al-Bukhari Book 58, Hadith 13
The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Paradise and Hell (Fire) quarrelled in the presence of their Lord. Paradise said, 'O
Lord! What is wrong with me that only the poor and humble people enter me ?' Hell (Fire) said, I have
been favored with the arrogant people.' So Allah said to Paradise, 'You are My Mercy,' and said to
Hell, 'You are My Punishment which I inflict upon whom I wish, and I shall fill both of you.'" The
Prophet added, "As for Paradise, (it will be filled with good people) because Allah does not wrong any
of His created things, and He creates for Hell (Fire) whomever He will, and they will be thrown into
it, and it will say thrice, 'Is there any more, till Allah (will put) His Foot over it and it will become full
and its sides will come close to each other and it will say, 'Qat! Qat! Qat! (Enough! Enough! Enough!)
.
Sahih al-Bukhari Book 97, Hadith 75
Yahya related to me from Malik from a reliable source from Amr
ibn Shuayb from his father from his father's father that the Messenger
of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, forbade
transactions in which nonrefundable deposits were paid.
Malik
said, "That is, in our opinion, but Allah knows best, that for
instance, a man buys a slave or slave-girl or rents an animal and then
says to the person from whom he bought the slave or leased the animal,
'I will give you a dinar or a dirham or whatever on the condition that
if I actually take the goods or ride what I have rented from you, then
what I have given you already goes towards payment of the goods or
hire of the animal. If I do not purchase the goods or hire the animal,
then what I have given you is yours without liability on your part.' "
Malik said, "According to the way of doing things with us
there is nothing wrong in bartering an arabic speaking merchant slave
for abyssinian slaves or any other type that are not his equal in
eloquence, trading, shrewdness, and know-how. There is nothing wrong
in bartering one slave like this for two or more other slaves with a
stated delay in the terms if he is clearly different. If there is no
appreciable difference between the slaves, two should not be bartered
for one with a stated delay in the terms even if their racial type is
different."
Malik said, "There is nothing wrong in selling
what has been bought in such a transaction before taking possession of
all of it as long as you receive the price for it from some one other
than the original owner."
Malik said, "An addition to the
price must not be made for a foetus in the womb of its mother when she
is sold because that is gharar (an uncertain transaction). It is not
known whether the child will be male or female, good-looking or ugly,
normal or handicapped, alive or dead. All these things will affect the
price."
Malik said that in a transaction where a slave or
slave-girl was bought for one hundred dinars with a stated credit
period that if the seller regretted the sale there was nothing wrong
in him asking the buyer to revoke it for ten dinars which he would pay
him immediately or after a period and he would forgo his right to the
hundred dinars which he was owed.
Malik said, "However, if
the buyer regrets and asks the seller to revoke the sale of a slave or
slave-girl in consideration of which he will pay an extra ten dinars
immediately or on credit terms, extended beyond the original term,
that should not be done. It is disapproved of because it is as if, for
instance, the seller is buying the one hundred dinars which is not yet
due on a year's credit term before the year expires for a slave-girl
and ten dinars to be paid immediately or on credit term longer than
the year. This falls into the category of selling gold for gold when
delayed terms enter into it."
Malik said that it was not
proper for a man to sell a slave-girl to another man for one hundred
dinars on credit and then to buy her back for more than the original
price or on a credit term longer than the original term for which he
sold her. To understand why that was disapproved of in that case, the
example of a man who sold a slave-girl on credit and then bought her
back on a credit term longer than the original term was looked at. He
might have sold her for thirty dinars with a month to pay and then buy
her back for sixty dinars with a year or half a year to pay. The
outcome would only be that his goods would have returned to him just
like they were and the other party would have given him thirty dinars
on a month's credit against sixty dinars on a year or half a year's
credit. That was not to be done.
Muwatta Malik Book 31, Hadith 1
When `Abdur-Rahman bin `Auf married an Ansari woman, the Prophet (ﷺ) asked him, "How much Mahr
did you give her?" `Abdur-Rahman said, "Gold equal to the weight of a date stone." Anas added:
When they (i.e. the Prophet (ﷺ) and his companions) arrived at Medina, the emigrants stayed at the
Ansar's houses. `Abdur-Rahman bin `Auf stayed at Sa`d bin Ar-Rabi's house. Sa`d said to `Abdur-
Rahman, "I will divide and share my property with you and will give one of my two wives to you."
`Abdur-Rahman said, "May Allah bless you, your wives and property (I am not in need of that; but
kindly show me the way to the market)." So `Abdur-Rahman went to the market and traded there
gaining a profit of some dried yoghurt and butter, and married (an Ansari woman). The Prophet (ﷺ) said
to him, "Give a banquet, even if with one sheep."
Sahih al-Bukhari Book 67, Hadith 102