Once I went to Abu- Sa`id Al-Khudri and asked him, "Won't you come with us to the date-palm trees
to have a talk?" So Abu Sa`id went out and I asked him, "Tell me what you heard from the Prophet (ﷺ)
about the Night of Qadr." Abu Sa`id replied, "Once Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) performed I`tikaf (seclusion) on
the first ten days of the month of Ramadan and we did the same with him. Gabriel came to him and
said, 'The night you are looking for is ahead of you.' So the Prophet (ﷺ) performed the I`tikaf in the
middle (second) ten days of the month of Ramadan and we too performed I`tikaf with him. Gabriel
came to him and said, 'The night which you are looking for is ahead of you.' In the morning of the
20th of Ramadan the Prophet (ﷺ) delivered a sermon saying, 'Whoever has performed I`tikaf with me
should continue it. I have been shown the Night of "Qadr", but have forgotten its date, but it is in the
odd nights of the last ten nights. I saw in my dream that I was prostrating in mud and water.' In those
days the roof of the mosque was made of branches of date-palm trees. At that time the sky was clear
and no cloud was visible, but suddenly a cloud came and it rained. The Prophet (ﷺ) led us in the prayer
and I saw the traces of mud on the forehead and on the nose of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ). So it was the
confirmation of that dream."
Sahih al-Bukhari Book 10, Hadith 208
Yahya related to me from Malik from Zayd ibn Aslam from his
father that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him
peace, was on one of his journeys, and one night Umar ibn al-Khattab,
who was travelling with him, asked him about something, but he did not
answer him. He asked him again, but he did not answer him. Then he
asked him again, and again he did not answer him. Umar said, "May your
mother be bereaved of you, Umar. Three times you have importuned the
Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, with a
question and he has not answered you at all."
Umar continued,
"I got my camel moving until, when I was in front of the people, I
feared that a piece of Qur'an was being sent down about me. It was not
long before I heard a crier calling for me, and I said that I feared
that a piece of Qur'an had been sent down about me." He continued, "I
came to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him
peace, and said, 'Peace be upon you' to him, and he said, 'A sura has
been sent down to me this night that is more beloved to me than
anything on which the sun rises.' Then he recited al-Fath (Sura 48).
Muwatta Malik Book 15, Hadith 10
`Umar asked the people, "Who remembers the narration of the Prophet (ﷺ) about the affliction?" Hudhaifa
said, "I heard the Prophet (ﷺ) saying, 'The affliction of a person in his property, family and neighbors is
expiated by his prayers, fasting, and giving in charity." `Umar said, "I do not ask about that, but I ask
about those afflictions which will spread like the waves of the sea." Hudhaifa replied, "There is a
closed gate in front of those afflictions." `Umar asked, "Will that gate be opened or broken?" He
replied, "It will be broken." `Umar said, "Then the gate will not be closed again till the Day of
Resurrection." We said to Masruq, "Would you ask Hudhaifa whether `Umar knew what that gate
symbolized?" He asked him and he replied "He (`Umar) knew it as one knows that there will be night
before tomorrow, morning.
Sahih al-Bukhari Book 30, Hadith 5
Once Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) fell off a horse and his leg or shoulder got injured. He swore that he would not
go to his wives for one month and he stayed in a Mashruba (attic room) having stairs made of
date palm trunks. So his companions came to visit him, and he led them in prayer sitting, whereas his
companions were standing. When he finished the prayer, he said, "Imam is meant to be followed, so
when he says 'Allahu Akbar,' say 'Allahu Akbar' and when he bows, bow and when he prostrates,
prostrate and if he prays standing pray, standing. After the 29th day the Prophet (ﷺ) came down (from the
attic room) and the people asked him, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! You swore that you will not go to your
wives for one month." He said, "The month is 29 days."
Sahih al-Bukhari Book 8, Hadith 30
That he spent a night with Maimunah, wife of the Prophet (ﷺ), who was also his (Ibn 'Abbas's) maternal aunt. I lay towards the width of the pillow and the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and his wife slept towards its length. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) slept. When half the night passed, or a little before it or a little after it, the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) awoke and began to rub his face (eyes) to remove the sleep. He then recited ten verses from the last part of Surah 'Al-Imran. Hen then came to a bag of water that was hanging. He performed ablution from it and performed his ablution well. He then stood up and prayed. I also got up and did as he did. I then went and stood at his side. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) placed his right hand upon my head and took me by my ear twisting it. He then prayed two rak'ahs, then two rak'ahs, then two rak'ahs, then two rak'ahs, then two rak'ahs, then two rak'ahs. The narrator al-Qa'nabi said: Six times. He observed the witr prayer, and then slept until the mu'adhdhin came. He got up and prayed two light rak'ahs and then came out and offered the dawn prayer.
Sunan Abi Dawud Book 5, Hadith 118
When the Prophet (ﷺ) alighted at Marr az-Zahran, al-Abbas said: I thought, I swear by Allah, if the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) enters Mecca with the army by force before the Quraysh come to him and seek protection from him, it will be their total ruin. So I rode on the mule of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and thought, Perhaps I may find a man coming for his needs who will to the people of Mecca and inform them of the position of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), so that they may come to him and seek protection from him. While I was on my way, I heard AbuSufyan and Budayl ibn Warqa' speaking.
I said: O AbuHanzalah! He recognized my voice and said: AbulFadl? I replied: Yes. He said: who is with you, may my parents be a sacrifice for you? I said: Here are the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and his people (with him).
He asked: Which is the way out? He said: He rode behind me, and his companion returned. When the morning came, I brought him to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and he embraced Islam.
I said: Messenger of Allah, AbuSufyan is a man who likes this pride, do something for him. He said: Yes, he who enters the house of AbuSufyan is safe; he who closes the door upon him is safe; and he who enters the mosque is safe. The people scattered to their houses and in the mosque.
Sunan Abi Dawud Book 20, Hadith 95
Yahya said that he heard Malik say, "What is done in our
community about a man who rents an animal for a journey to a specified
place and then he goes beyond that place and further, is that the
owner of the animal has a choice. If he wants to take extra rent for
his animal to cover the distance overstepped, he is given that on top
of the first rent and the animal is returned. If the owner of the
animal likes to sell the animal from the place where he over-steps, he
has the price of the animal on top of the rent. If, however, the hirer
rented the animal to go and return and then he overstepped when he
reached the city to which he rented him, the owner of the animal only
has half the first rent. That is because half of the rent is going,
and half of it is returning. If he oversteps with the animal, only
half of the first rent is obliged for him. Had the animal died when he
reached the city to which it was rented, the hirer would not be liable
and the renter would only have half the rent."
Malik said,
"That is what is done with people who overstep and dispute about what
they took the animal for."
Malik said, "It is also like that
with some one who takes qirad-money from his companion. The owner of
the property says to him, 'Do not buy such-and-such animals or such-
and-such goods.' He names them and forbids them and disapproves of his
money being invested in them. The one who takes the money then buys
what he was forbidden. By that, he intends to be liable for the money
and take the profit of his companion. When he does that, the owner of
the money has an option. If he wants to enter with him in the goods
according to the original stipulations between them about the profit,
he does so. If he likes, he has his capital guaranteed against the one
who took the capital and over stepped the mark."
Malik said,
"It is also like that with a man with whom another man invests some
goods. The owner of the property orders him to buy certain goods for
him which he names. He differs, and buys with the goods something
other than what he was ordered to buy. He exceeded his orders. The
owner of the goods has an option. If he wants to take what was bought
with his property, he takes it. If he wants the partner to be liable
for his capital he has that."
Muwatta Malik Book 36, Hadith 22
“There is no Muslim who is
stricken
with a calamity and reacts by saying as Allah has commanded:
‘Inna
lillahi, wa inna ilayhi raji’un. Allahumma indaka ahtasabtu
musibati, fajurni fiha, wa ‘awwidni minha (Truly, to Allah we belong
and truly, to Him we shall return. O Allah, with You I seek reward
for
my calamity, so reward me for it and compensate me),’ but Allah
will
reward him for that and compensate him with something better
than it.”
She said: “When Abu Salamah died, I remembered what he
had told me
from the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and I said: ‘Inna
lillahi, wa inna
ilayhi raji’un. Allahumma indaka ahtasabtu
musibati, fajurni alaiha
(Truly, to Allah we belong and truly, to Him
we shall return. O Allah,
with You I seek reward for my calamity, so
reward me for it).’ But
when I wanted to say wa ‘awwidni minha
(and compensate me with
better), I said to myself: ‘How can I be
compensated with something
better than Abu Salamah?’ Then I said
it, and Allah compensated me
with Muhammad (ﷺ) and rewarded me for
my calamity.”
Sunan Ibn Majah Book 6, Hadith 166
Yahya related to me from Malik from Umar ibn Husayn, the mawla of
A'isha bint Qudama, that Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan imposed retaliation
against a man who killed a mawla with a stick and so the mawla's
patron killed the man with a stick.
Malik said, "The
generally agreed on way of doing things in our community about which
there is no dispute is that when a man strikes another man with a
stick or hits him with a rock or intentionally strikes him causing his
death, that is an intentional injury and there is retaliation for it."
Malik said, "Intentional murder with us is that a man
intentionally goes to a man and strikes him until his life goes. Part
of intentional injury also is that a man strikes a man in a quarrel
between them. He leaves him while he is alive, and he bleeds to death
and so dies. There is retaliation for that."
Malik said,
"What is done in our community is that a group of free men are killed
for the intentional murder of one free man, and a group of women for
one woman, and a group of slaves for one slave."
Muwatta Malik Book 43, Hadith 41
The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) commissioned me as a collector of zakat. I visited a man. When he had collected his property of camels, I found that a she-camel in her second year was due from him.
I said to him: Pay a she-camel in her second year, for she is to be paid as sadaqah (zakat) by you.
He said: That one is not worthy of milking and riding. Here is another she-camel which is young, grand and fat. So take it.
I said to him: I shall not take an animal for which I have not been commanded. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) is here near to you. If you like, go to him, and present to him what you presented to me. Do that; if he accepts it from you, I shall accept it; if he rejects it, I shall reject it.
He said: I shall do it. He accompanied me and took with him the she-camel which he had presented to me. We came to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ). He said to him: Prophet of Allah, your messenger came to me to collect zakat on my property. By Allah, neither the Messenger of Allah nor his messenger has ever seen my property before. I gathered my property (camels), and he estimated that a she-camel in her second year would be payable by me. But that has neither milk nor is it worth riding. So I presented to him a grand young she-camel for acceptance as zakat. But he has refused to take her. Look, she is here; I have brought her to you, Messenger of Allah. Take her.
The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: That is what is due from you. If you give voluntarily a better (animal) Allah will give a reward to you for it. We accept her from you.
She is here, Messenger of Allah; I have brought her to you. So take her. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) then ordered me to take possession of it, and he prayed for a blessing on his property.
Sunan Abi Dawud Book 9, Hadith 28