“The Messenger of
Allah
(ﷺ) delivered a sermon to us and said: ‘O people! Repent to
Allah
before you die. Hasten to do good deeds before you become
preoccupied
(because of sickness and old age). Uphold the relationship
that
exists between you and your Lord by remembering Him a great deal
and
by giving a great deal of charity in secret and openly. (Then) you
will be granted provision and Divine support, and your condition will
improve. Know that Allah has enjoined Friday upon you in this place
of
mine, on this day, in this month, in this year, until the Day of
Resurrection. Whoever abandons it, whether during my lifetime or
after
I am gone, whether he has a just or an unjust ruler, whether he
takes
it lightly or denies (that it is obligatory), may Allah cause
him to
lose all sense of tranquility and contentment, and may He not
bless
him in his affairs. Indeed, his prayer will not be valid, his
Zakat
will not be valid, his Hajj will not be valid, his fasting will
not be
valid, and his righteous deeds will not be accepted, until he
repents.
Whoever repents, Allah will accept his repentance. No woman
should be
appointed as Imam over a man, no Bedouin should be
appointed as Imam
over a Muhajir, no immoral person should be
appointed as Imam over a
(true) believer, unless that is forced upon
him and he fears his sword
or whip.’”
Sunan Ibn Majah Book 5, Hadith 279
Yahya said that Malik said, "When the relatives of the deceased
accept the blood-money then it is inherited according to the Book of
Allah. Daughters of the dead man inherit and so do sisters, and
whichever women would inherit from him ordinarily.
If the
women do not take all his inheritance, then what remains goes to the
agnatic relations who most deserve to inherit from him in conjunction
with the women."
Malik said, "When one of the heirs of a man
killed by mistake attempts to take his due from the blood-money while
his companions are absent, he may not do that, and he has no right to
any of the blood-money, however large or small, unless the qasama has
been completed by him. If he swears fifty oaths then he has the right
to his portion of the blood-money. That is because the blood-money is
not established as due without there being fifty oaths, and the blood-
money is not established as due unless the responsibility for the
blood is established. If any one of the heirs comes after that he
swears a number of the oaths commensurate with his fraction of the
inheritance and takes his right until all the heirs exact their
complete right. If a maternal uncle comes he has one sixth and must
swear one sixth of the fifty oaths. So whoever swears may take his due
from the blood-money and whoever abstains annuls his right. If one of
the heirs is absent or is a child who has not reached puberty, those
who are present swear fifty oaths and if the one who was absent comes
after that or the child reaches puberty, they swear. and they swear
according to their due of the blood-money and according to their
shares of inheritance from it."
Yahya said that Malik said,
"This is the best I have heard on the matter."
Muwatta Malik Book 44, Hadith 5
Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafic from Abdullah ibn Umar
that a man cursed his wife in the time of the Messenger of Allah, may
Allah bless him and grant him peace, and disowned her child. The
Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, separated
them and gave the child to the woman.
Malik said, "Allah the
Blessed, the Exalted, said, 'The testimony of men who accuse their
wives but do not have any witnesses except themselves is to testify by
Allah four times that he is being truthful, and a fifth time, that the
curse of Allah will be upon him, if he should be a liar. She will
avoid punishment if she testifies by Allah four times that he is a
liar, and a fifth time, that the wrath of Allah shall be upon her, if
he should be telling the truth. ' "(Sura 24 ayat 6).
Malik
said, "The sunna with us is that those who curse each other are never
to be remarried. If the man calls himself a liar, (i.e. takes back his
accusation), he is flogged with the hadd-punishment, and the child is
given to him, and his wife can never return to him. There is no doubt
or dispute about this sunna among us. "
Malik said, "If a man
separates from his wife by an irrevocable divorce by which he cannot
return to her, and then he denies the paternity of the child she is
carrying, whilst she claims that he is the father, and it is possible
by the timing, that he be so, he must curse her, and the child is not
recognised as his."
Malik said, "That is what is done among
us, and it is what I have heard from the people of knowledge."
Malik said that a man who accused his wife after he had divorced
her trebly while she was pregnant, and he had at first accepted being
the father but then claimed that he had seen her committing adultery
before he separated from her, was flogged with the hadd-punishment,
and did not curse her.
If he denied the paternity of her
child after he had divorced her trebly, and he had not previously
accepted it, then he cursed her.
Malik said, "This is what I
have heard."
Malik said, "The slave is in the same position
as the free man as regards making accusations and invoking mutual
curses (lian). He acts in the lian as the free man acts although there
is no hadd applied for slandering a female-slave."
Malik
said, "The muslim slave-girl and the christian and jewish free woman
also do lian when a free muslim marries one of them and has
intercourse with her. That is because Allah - may He be blessed and
Exalted, said in His Book, 'As for those who accuse their wives,' and
they are their wives. This is what is done among us.
Malik
said that a man who did the lian with his wife, and then stopped and
called himself a liar after one or two oaths and he had not cursed
himself in the fifth one, had to be flogged with the hadd-punishment,
but they did not have to be separated.
Malik said that if a
man divorced his wife and then after three months the woman said, "I
am pregnant," and he denied paternity, then he had to do lian.
Malik said that the husband of a female slave who pronounced the
lian on her and then bought her, was not to have intercourse with her,
even if he owned her. The sunna which had been handed down about a
couple who mutually cursed each other in the lian was that they were
never to return to each other.
Malik said that when a man
pronounced the lian against his wife before he had consummated the
marriage, she only had half of the bride price.
Muwatta Malik Book 29, Hadith 39
Yahya related to me from Malik from Abu'n Nadr, the mawla of Umar
ibn Ubaydullah, from Abu Salama ibn Abd ar-Rahman that A'isha, the
wife of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said,
"The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used
to fast for so long that we thought he would never stop fasting, and
he would go without fasting for so long that we thought he would never
fast again. I never saw the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him
and grant him peace, fast for a complete month except for Ramadan, and
I never saw him do more fasting in any one month than he did in
Shaban.'
Muwatta Malik Book 18, Hadith 62
When the Trench was dug, I saw the Prophet (ﷺ) in the state of severe hunger. So I returned to my wife
and said, "Have you got anything (to eat), for I have seen Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) in a state of severe hunger."
She brought out for me, a bag containing one Sa of barley, and we had a domestic she animal (i.e. a
kid) which I slaughtered then, and my wife ground the barley and she finished at the time I finished
my job (i.e. slaughtering the kid). Then I cut the meat into pieces and put it in an earthenware
(cooking) pot, and returned to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) . My wife said, "Do not disgrace me in front of Allah's
Apostle and those who are with him." So I went to him and said to him secretly, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! I
have slaughtered a she-animal (i.e. kid) of ours, and we have ground a Sa of barley which was with us.
So please come, you and another person along with you." The Prophet (ﷺ) raised his voice and said, "O
people of Trench ! Jabir has prepared a meal so let us go." Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said to me, "Don't put
down your earthenware meat pot (from the fireplace) or bake your dough till I come." So I came (to
my house) and Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) too, came, proceeding before the people. When I came to my wife, she
said, "May Allah do so-and-so to you." I said, "I have told the Prophet (ﷺ) of what you said." Then she
brought out to him (i.e. the Prophet (ﷺ) the dough, and he spat in it and invoked for Allah's Blessings in it.
Then he proceeded towards our earthenware meat-pot and spat in it and invoked for Allah's Blessings
in it. Then he said (to my wife). Call a lady-baker to bake along with you and keep on taking out
scoops from your earthenware meat-pot, and do not put it down from its fireplace." They were onethousand
(who took their meals), and by Allah they all ate, and when they left the food and went
away, our earthenware pot was still bubbling (full of meat) as if it had not decreased, and our dough
was still being baked as if nothing had been taken from it.
Sahih al-Bukhari Book 64, Hadith 146
that he asked `Aisha, saying to her, "O Mother! (In what connection was this Verse revealed):
'If you fear that you shall not be able to deal justly with orphan girls (to the end of the verse) that your
right hands possess?" (4.3) Aisha said, "O my nephew! It was about the female orphan under the
protection of her guardian who was interested in her beauty and wealth and wanted to marry her with
a little or reduced Mahr. So such guardians were forbidden to marry female orphans unless they deal
with them justly and give their full Mahr; and they were ordered to marry women other than
them."`Aisha added, "(Later) the people asked Allah's Messenger (ﷺ), for instructions, and then Allah
revealed: 'They ask your instruction concerning the women . . . And yet whom you desire to marry.'
(4.127) So Allah revealed to them in this Verse that-if a female orphan had wealth and beauty, they
desired to marry her and were interested in her noble descent and the reduction of her Mahr; but if she
was not desired by them because of her lack in fortune and beauty they left her and married some
other woman. So, as they used to leave her when they had no interest in her, they had no right to
marry her if they had the desire to do so, unless they deal justly with her and gave her a full amount of
Mahr."
Sahih al-Bukhari Book 67, Hadith 76
An ally of Bani Zuhra who took part in the battle of Badr with the Prophet, that he said, "O Allah's
Apostle! If I meet an unbeliever and we have a fight, and he strikes my hand with the sword and cuts
it off, and then takes refuge from me under a tree, and says, 'I have surrendered to Allah (i.e.
embraced Islam),' may I kill him after he has said so?" Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "Do not kill him." Al-
Miqdad said, "But O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! He had chopped off one of my hands and he said that after he
had cut it off. May I kill him?" The Prophet (ﷺ) said. "Do not kill him for if you kill him, he would be in
the position in which you had been before you kill him, and you would be in the position in which he
was before he said the sentence." The Prophet (ﷺ) also said to Al-Miqdad, "If a faithful believer conceals
his faith (Islam) from the disbelievers, and then when he declares his Islam, you kill him, (you will be
sinful). Remember that you were also concealing your faith (Islam) at Mecca before."
Sahih al-Bukhari Book 87, Hadith 5