from Ubadah bin As-Samit, he said: "I entered upon him while he was dying, so I cried, and he said: "There now, why are you crying? For by Allah, if I am a martyr , then I will intercede for you, and if I can I will benefit you,' then he said: 'By Allah! There is no Hadith which I heard from the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) which is good for you but I narrate it to you today, while I am near death. I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say: "Whoever testifies to La Ilaha Illallah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, then Allah has forbidden the fire for him."
Jami` at-Tirmidhi Book 40, Hadith 33
I went to the Prophet (ﷺ) along with a group of Al-Ash`ariyin in order to request him to provide us with
mounts. He said, "By Allah, I will not provide you with mounts and I haven't got anything to mount
you on." Then we stayed there as long as Allah wished us to stay, and then three very nice looking
she-camels were brought to him and he made us ride them. When we left, we, or some of us, said, "By
Allah, we will not be blessed, as we came to the Prophet (ﷺ) asking him for mounts, and he swore that he
would not give us any mounts but then he did give us. So let us go back to the Prophet (ﷺ) and remind
him (of his oath)." When we returned to him (and reminded him of the fact), he said, "I did not give
you mounts, but it is Allah Who gave you. By Allah, Allah willing, if I ever take an oath to do
something and then I find something else than the first, I will make expiation for my oath and do the
thing which is better (or do something which is better and give the expiation for my oath).
Sahih al-Bukhari Book 83, Hadith 3
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) sent a Sariya of ten men as spies under the leadership of `Asim bin Thabit al-Ansari,
the grandfather of `Asim bin `Umar Al-Khattab. They proceeded till they reached Hadaa, a place
between 'Usfan, and Mecca, and their news reached a branch of the tribe of Hudhail called Bani
Lihyan. About two-hundred men, who were all archers, hurried to follow their tracks till they found
the place where they had eaten dates they had brought with them from Medina. They said, "These are
the dates of Yathrib (i.e. Medina), "and continued following their tracks When `Asim and his
companions saw their pursuers, they went up a high place and the infidels circled them. The infidels
said to them, "Come down and surrender, and we promise and guarantee you that we will not kill any
one of you" `Asim bin Thabit; the leader of the Sariya said, "By Allah! I will not come down to be
under the protection of infidels. O Allah! Convey our news to Your Prophet. Then the infidels threw
arrows at them till they martyred `Asim along with six other men, and three men came down
accepting their promise and convention, and they were Khubaib-al-Ansari and Ibn Dathina and
another man So, when the infidels captured them, they undid the strings of their bows and tied them.
Then the third (of the captives) said, "This is the first betrayal. By Allah! I will not go with you. No
doubt these, namely the martyred, have set a good example to us." So, they dragged him and tried to
compel him to accompany them, but as he refused, they killed him. They took Khubaid and Ibn
Dathina with them and sold them (as slaves) in Mecca (and all that took place) after the battle of Badr.
Khubaib was bought by the sons of Al-Harith bin 'Amir bin Naufal bin `Abd Manaf. It was Khubaib
who had killed Al-Harith bin 'Amir on the day (of the battle of) Badr. So, Khubaib remained a
prisoner with those people.
Narrated Az-Zuhri: 'Ubaidullah bin 'Iyyad said that the daughter of Al-Harith had told him, "When
those people gathered (to kill Khubaib) he borrowed a razor from me to shave his pubes and I gave it
to him. Then he took a son of mine while I was unaware when he came upon him. I saw him placing
my son on his thigh and the razor was in his hand. I got scared so much that Khubaib noticed the
agitation on my face and said, 'Are you afraid that I will kill him? No, I will never do so.' By Allah, I
never saw a prisoner better than Khubaib. By Allah, one day I saw him eating of a bunch of grapes in
his hand while he was chained in irons, and there was no fruit at that time in Mecca." The daughter of
Al-Harith used to say, "It was a boon Allah bestowed upon Khubaib." When they took him out of the
Sanctuary (of Mecca) to kill him outside its boundaries, Khubaib requested them to let him offer two
rak`at (prayer).
They allowed him and he offered Two rak`at and then said, "Hadn't I been afraid that you would think
that I was afraid (of being killed), I would have prolonged the prayer. O Allah, kill them all with no
exception." (He then recited the poetic verse):-- "I being martyred as a Muslim, Do not mind how I am
killed in Allah's Cause, For my killing is for Allah's Sake, And if Allah wishes, He will bless the
amputated parts of a torn body" Then the son of Al Harith killed him. So, it was Khubaib who set the
tradition for any Muslim sentenced to death in captivity, to offer a two-rak`at prayer (before being
killed). Allah fulfilled the invocation of `Asim bin Thabit on that very day on which he was martyred.
The Prophet (ﷺ) informed his companions of their news and what had happened to them. Later on when
some infidels from Quraish were informed that `Asim had been killed, they sent some people to fetch
a part of his body (i.e. his head) by which he would be recognized. (That was because) `Asim had
killed one of their chiefs on the day (of the battle) of Badr. So, a swarm of wasps, resembling a shady
cloud, were sent to hover over `Asim and protect him from their messenger and thus they could not
cut off anything from his flesh.
Sahih al-Bukhari Book 56, Hadith 251
Yahya related to me from Malik that Ibn Shihab used to say, "When
a man catches the raka he says, 'Allah is greater' once, and that
takbir is enough for him."
Malik added, "That is if he
intended to begin the prayer by that takbir "
Malik was asked
about a man who began with the imam but forgot the opening takbir and
the takbir of the ruku until he had done one raka. Then he remembered
that he had not said the takbir at the opening nor in the ruku,so he
said the takbir in the second raka. He said, "I prefer that he start
his prayer again, but if he forgets the opening takbir with the imam
and says the takbir in the first ruku, I consider that enough for him
if he intends by it the opening takbir."
Malik said, about
some one who prayed by himself and forgot the opening takbir, "He
begins his prayer afresh ."
Malik said, about an imam who
forgot the opening takbir until he had finished his prayer, "I think
that he should do the prayer again, and those behind him, even if they
have said the takbir."
Muwatta Malik Book 3, Hadith 23