That Al-Miqdad bin `Amr Al-Kindi, who was an ally of Bani Zuhra and one of those who fought the
battle of Badr together with Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) told him that he said to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ), "Suppose I met
one of the infidels and we fought, and he struck one of my hands with his sword and cut it off and
then took refuge in a tree and said, "I surrender to Allah (i.e. I have become a Muslim),' could I kill
him, O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ), after he had said this?" Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "You should not kill him." Al-
Miqdad said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! But he had cut off one of my two hands, and then he had uttered
those words?" Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) replied, "You should not kill him, for if you kill him, he would be in
your position where you had been before killing him, and you would be in his position where he had
been before uttering those words."
Sahih al-Bukhari Book 64, Hadith 68
Once while I was in a state of fatigue (because of severe hunger), I
met 'Umar bin Al-Khattab, so I asked him to recite a verse from
Allah's Book to me. He entered his house and interpreted it to me.
(Then I went out and) after walking for a short distance, I fell on my
face because of fatigue and severe hunger. Suddenly I saw Allah's
Apostle standing by my head. He said, "O Abu Huraira!" I replied,
"Labbaik, O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ), and Sadaik!" Then he held me by the hand,
and made me get up. Then he came to know what I was suffering from. He
took me to his house, and ordered a big bowl of milk for me. I drank
thereof and he said, "Drink more, O Abu Hirr!" So I drank again,
whereupon he again said, "Drink more." So I drank more till my belly
became full and looked like a bowl. Afterwards I met 'Umar and
mentioned to him what had happened to me, and said to him, "Somebody,
who had more right than you, O 'Umar, took over the case. By Allah, I
asked you to recite a Verse to me while I knew it better than you." On
that Umar said to me, "By Allah, if I admitted and entertained you, it
would have been dearer to me than having nice red camels.
Sahih al-Bukhari Book 70, Hadith 3
(the wife of the Prophet) When believing women came to the Prophet (ﷺ) as emigrants, he used to test
them in accordance with the order of Allah. 'O you who believe! When believing women come to you
as emigrants, examine them . . .' (60.10) So if anyone of those believing women accepted the above
mentioned conditions, she accepted the conditions of faith. When they agreed on those conditions and
confessed that with their tongues, Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) would say to them, "Go, I have accepted your oath
of allegiance (for Islam). By Allah, and hand of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) never touched the hand of any
woman, but he only used to take their pledge of allegiance orally. By Allah, Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) did not
take the pledge of allegiance of the women except in accordance with what Allah had ordered him.
When he accepted their pledge of allegiance he would say to them, "I have accepted your oath of
allegiance."
Sahih al-Bukhari Book 68, Hadith 37
"The Messenger of Allah invaded Khaibar and we prayed Al-Ghadah (Fajr) there (early in the morning) when it was still dark. Then the Prophet rode and Abu Talha rode, and I was riding behind Abu Talha. The Prophet of Allah passed through the lane of Khaibar quickly, and my knee was touching the thigh of the Messenger of Allah, and I could see the whiteness of the thigh of the Prophet. When he entered the town he said: 'Allahu Akbar, Khaibar is destroyed! Whenever we approach a (hostile) nation to fight, evil will be the morning for those who have been warned.' He said this three times. The people came out for their work." (One of the narrators) 'Abdul-'Aziz said: "They said: 'Muhammad (has come)!'" 'Abdul-'Aziz said: "Some of our companions said: 'With his army.'"
"We conquered Khaibar and gathered the captives. Dihyah came and said: 'O Prophet of Allah, give me a slave girl from among the captives.' He said: 'Go and take a slave girl.' He took Safiyyah bint Huyayy. Then a man came to the Prophet and said: 'O Messenger of Allah, you gave Dihyah Safiyyah bint Huyayy, and she is the chief mistress of Quraizah and An-Nadir, and she is fit for no one but you.' He said: 'Call him to bring her.' When the Prophet saw her, he said: 'Take any other slave girl from among the captives.'" He said: "The Prophet of Allah set her free and married her." (One of the narrators) Thabit said to him: "O Abu Hamzah, what dowry did he give her?" He (Anas) said: "Herself; he set her free and married her." He said: "While on the road, Umm Sulaim fitted her out and presented her to him in the night, and the following morning he was a bridegroom. He said: 'Whoever has anything, let him bring it.' He spread out a leather cloth and men came with cottage cheese, dates, and ghee, and they made Hais, and that was the Walimah (wedding feast) of the Messenger of Allah."
Sunan an-Nasa'i Book 26, Hadith 185
Yahya related to me from Malik from Salih ibn Kaysan from
Ubaydullah ibn Abdullah ibn Utba ibn Masud that Zayd ibn Khalid al-
Juhani said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant
him peace, took the subh prayer with us at Hudaybiyya after it had
rained in the night. When he had finished he went up to the people and
said, 'Do you know what your Lord has said?' They said, 'Allah and His
Messenger know best.' He said, 'Some of my slaves have begun the
morning believing in Me, and others have begun it rejecting Me. As for
those who say, 'We were rained on by the overflowing favour of Allah
and His mercy,' they believe in Me and reject the stars. But as for
those who say, 'We were rained on by such and such a star, they reject
Me and believe in the stars.' "
Muwatta Malik Book 13, Hadith 4
Malik related to me from Ibn Shihab from Abu Umama ibn Sahl ibn
Hunayf from Abdullah ibn Abbas that Khalid ibn al-Walid ibn al-Mughira
entered the house of Maimuna, the wife of the Prophet, may Allah bless
him and grant him peace, with the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless
him and grant him peace, and he was brought a roasted lizard. The
Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, stretched
his hand toward it. One of the women who was in Maimuna's house said,
"Tell the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,
what he means to eat." Someone said, "It is a lizard, Messenger of
Allah." He withdrew his hand. Khalid said, "Is it haram, Messenger of
Allah?" He said, "No, but there were none in my people's land, and I
find that I dislike them."
Khalid added, "I chewed and ate it
while the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,
was looking."
Muwatta Malik Book 54, Hadith 10
" If you fear that you will not be able to maintain equity amongst the orphan girls, then marry (those) you like from amongst the women two, three or four." She said: O, the son of my sister, the orphan girl is one who is under the patronage of her guardian and she shares with him in his property and her property and beauty fascinate him and her guardian makes up his mind to marry her without giving her due share of the wedding money and is not prepared (to pay so much amount) which anyone else is prepared to pay and so Allah has forbidden to marry these girls but in case when equity is observed as regards the wedding money and they are prepared to pay them the full amount of the wedding money and Allah commanded to marry other women besides them according to the liking of their heart. 'Urwa reported that 'A'isha said that people began to seek verdict from Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) after the revelation of this verse about them (orphan girls) and Allah, the Exalted and Glorious, revealed this verse:" They asked thee verdict about women; say: Allah gives verdict to you in regard to them and what is recited to you in the Book about orphan woman, whom you give not what is ordained for them while you like to marry them" (iv. 126). She said: The wording of Allah" what is recited to you" in the Book means the first verse, i. e." if you fear that you may not be able to observe equity in case of an orphan woman, marry what you like in case of woman" (iv. 3). 'A'isha said: (And as for this verse , i. e. and you intend" to marry one of them from amongst the orphan girls" it pertains to one who is in charge (of orphans) having small amount of wealth and less beauty and they have been forbidden that they should marry what they like of her wealth and beauty out of the orphan girls, but with equity, because of their disliking for them.
Sahih Muslim Book 56, Hadith 6
Anas bin Malik said, "A person entered the Mosque on a Friday through the gate facing the Daril-
Qada' and Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) was standing delivering the Khutba (sermon). The man stood in front of
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and said, 'O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ), livestock are dying and the roads are cut off; please pray
to Allah for rain.' So Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) (p.b.u.h) raised both his hands and said, 'O Allah! Bless us with
rain. O Allah! Bless us with rain. O Allah! Bless us with rain!" Anas added, "By Allah, there were no
clouds in the sky and there was no house or building between us and the mountain of Sila'. Then a big
cloud like a shield appeared from behind it (i.e. Silas Mountain) and when it came in the middle of the
sky, it spread and then rained. By Allah! We could not see the sun for a week. The next Friday, a
person entered through the same gate and Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) was delivering the Friday Khutba and the
man stood in front of him and said, 'O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! The livestock are dying and the roads are cut
off; Please pray to Allah to withhold rain.' " Anas added, "Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) raised both his hands and
said, 'O Allah! Round about us and not on us. O Allah!' On the plateaus, on the mountains, on the
hills, in the valleys and on the places where trees grow.' " Anas added, "The rain stopped and we came
out, walking in the sun." Sharik asked Anas whether it was the same person who had asked for rain
the previous Friday. Anas replied that he did not know.
Sahih al-Bukhari Book 15, Hadith 9
When the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) stood up for prayer, he uttered the takbir (Allah is most great), then said: I have turned my face, breaking with all others, towards Him Who created the heavens and the earth, and I am not a polytheist. My prayer and my devotion, my life and my death belong to Allah, the Lord of the Universe, Who has no partner. That is what I have been commanded, and I am first of Muslims (those who surrender themselves). O Allah, Thou art the King. There is no God but Thee. Thou art my Lord and I am Thy servant. I have wronged myself, but I acknowledge my sin, so forgive me all my sins; Thou Who alone canst forgive sins; and guide me to the best qualities. Thou Who alone canst guide to the best of them; and turn me from evil ones. Thou who alone canst turn from evil qualities. I come to serve and please Thee. All good is in Thy Hands, and evil does not pertain to Thee. I seek refuge in Thee and turn to Thee, Who art blessed and exalted. I ask Thy forgiveness and turn to thee in repentance. When he bowed, he said: O Allah, to Thee I bow, in Thee I trust, and to Thee I submit myself. My hearing, my sight, my brain, my bone and my sinews humble themselves before Thee. When he raised his head, he said: Allah listens to him who praises Him. O our lord, and all praises be to Thee in the whole of the heavens and the earth, and what is between them, and in whatever Thou creates afterwards. When he prostrated himself, he said: O Allah, to Thee I prostrate myself, to Thee I trust, and to Thee I submit myself. My face prostrated itself before Him Who created it, fashioned it, and fashioned it in the best shape, and brought forth its hearing and seeing. Blessed is Allah, the best of creators. When he saluted at the end of the prayer, he said: O Allah, forgive me my former and my latter sins, my open and secret sins, my sins in exceeding the limits, and what Thou knowest better than I. Thou art He Who puts forward and puts back. There is deity but Thee.
Sunan Abi Dawud Book 2, Hadith 370
The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "The Prophet (ﷺ) Abraham emigrated with Sarah and entered a village where there was
a king or a tyrant. (The king) was told that Abraham had entered (the village) accompanied by a
woman who was one of the most charming women. So, the king sent for Abraham and asked, 'O
Abraham! Who is this lady accompanying you?' Abraham replied, 'She is my sister (i.e. in religion).'
Then Abraham returned to her and said, 'Do not contradict my statement, for I have informed them
that you are my sister. By Allah, there are no true believers on this land except you and 1.' Then
Abraham sent her to the king. When the king got to her, she got up and performed ablution, prayed
and said, 'O Allah! If I have believed in You and Your Apostle, and have saved my private parts from
everybody except my husband, then please do not let this pagan overpower me.' On that the king fell
in a mood of agitation and started moving his legs. Seeing the condition of the king, Sarah said, 'O
Allah! If he should die, the people will say that I have killed him.' The king regained his power, and
proceeded towards her but she got up again and performed ablution, prayed and said, 'O Allah! If I
have believed in You and Your Apostle and have kept my private parts safe from all except my
husband, then please do not let this pagan overpower me.' The king again fell in a mood of agitation
and started moving his legs. On seeing that state of the king, Sarah said, 'O Allah! If he should die, the
people will say that I have killed him.' The king got either two or three attacks, and after recovering
from the last attack he said, 'By Allah! You have sent a satan to me. Take her to Abraham and give her
Ajar.' So she came back to Abraham and said, 'Allah humiliated the pagan and gave us a slave-girl for
service."
Sahih al-Bukhari Book 34, Hadith 164
Ibn ‘Abbas said “Hilal bin Umayyah was one of the three persons whose repentance was accepted by Allaah. One night he returned from his land and found a man along with his wife. He witnessed with his eyes and heard with his ears. He did not threaten him till the morning.” Next day he went to the Apostle of Allaah(ﷺ) in the morning and said Apostle of Allaah(ﷺ) “I came to my wife in the night and found a man along with her. I saw with my own eyes and heard with my own ears. The Apostle of Allaah(ﷺ) disliked what he described and he took it seriously. There upon the following Qur’anic verse came down “And those who make charges against their spouses but have no witnesses except themselves, let the testimony of one of them ....” When the Apostle of Allaah(ﷺ) came to himself (after the revelation ended) he said “Glad tidings to you Hilal, Allaah the exalted has made ease and a way out for you.” Hilal said “I expected that from my Lord. The Apostle of Allaah(ﷺ) said “Send for her. She then came.” The Apostle of Allaah(ﷺ) recited the verses to them and he reminded them and told them that the punishment in the next world was more severe than that in n this world. Hilal said “I swear by Allah I spoke the truth against her.” She said “He told a lie.” The Apostle of Allaah(ﷺ) said “Apply the method of invoking curses on one another. Hilal was told “Bear witness. So he bore witness before Allaah four times that he spoke the truth.” When he was about to utter the fifth time he was told “Hilal fear Allah, for the punishment in this world is easier than that in the next world and this is the deciding one, that will surely cause punishment to you.” He said “I swear by Allaah. Allah will not punish me for this (act), as He did not cause me to be flogged for this (act).” So he bore witness a fifth time invoking the curse of Allah on him if he was of those who tell a lie. Then the people said to her, Testify. So she gave testimony before Allaah that he was a liar. When she was going to testify the fifth time she was told “Fear Allah, for the punishment in this world is easier than that in the next world. This is the deciding one that will surely cause punishment to you.” She hesitated for a moment. And then said “By Allah, I will not disgrace my people.” So she testified a fifth time invoking the curse of Allah on her if he spoke the truth. Apostle of Allaah(ﷺ) separated them from each other and decided that the child will not be attributed to its father. Neither she nor her child will be accused of adultery. He who accuses her or her child will be liable to punishment. He also decided that there will be no dwelling and maintenance for her (from the husband) as they were separated without divorce and death. He then said “If she gives birth to a child with reddish hair, light buttocks, wide belly and light shins he will be the child of Hilal. If she bears a dusky child with curly hair, fat limbs, fat shins and fat buttocks he will be the child of the one who was accused of adultery. She gave birth to a child with curly hair, fat limbs, fat shins and fat buttocks. The Apostle of Allaah(ﷺ) said “Had there been no oaths, I would have dealt with her severely.”
‘Ikrimah said “Later on he became the chief of the tribe of Mudar. He was not attributed to his father.”
Sunan Abi Dawud Book 13, Hadith 82
While I was (sitting) among the people in the company of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) a woman stood up and said,
"O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! She has given herself in marriage to you; please give your opinion of her." The
Prophet did not give her any reply. She again stood up and said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! She has given
herself (in marriage) to you; so please give your opinion of her. The Prophet (ﷺ) did not give her any
reply. She again stood up for the third time and said, "She has given herself in marriage to you: so
give your opinion of her." So a man stood up and said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! Marry her to me." The
Prophet asked him, "Have you got anything?" He said, "No." The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Go and search for
something, even if it were an iron ring." The man went and searched and then returned saying, "I
could not find anything, not even an iron ring." Then the Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Do you know something of
the Qur'an (by heart)?" He replied, "I know (by heart) such Sura and such Sura." The Prophet (ﷺ) said,
"Go! I have married her to you for what you know of the Qur'an (by heart).
Sahih al-Bukhari Book 67, Hadith 84
"Uwaimir, a man from Banu 'Ajlan, came and said: 'O 'Asim, what do you think if a man sees another man with his wife, should he kill him and be killed in retaliation, or what should he do? O 'Asim, ask the Messenger of Allah about that for me.'" So 'Asim asked the Messenger of Allah about that, and the Messenger of Allah disapproved of the question and criticized the asking of too many questions. Then 'Uwaimir came to him and said: "What happened, O 'Asim?" 'Asim said to 'Uwaimir: "What happened?! You have not brought me any good. The Messenger of Allah disapproved of the question I asked." 'Uwaimir said: "By Allah, I will go and ask the Messenger of Allah." So he went to the Messenger of Allah and asked him. The Messenger of Allah said: "Allah the Mighty and Sublime has revealed (something) concerning you and your wife, so bring her here." Sahl said: "I was among the people in the presence of the Messenger of Allah and he brought her and they engaged in the procedure of Li'an. He said: 'O Messenger of Allah, by Allah! If I keep her I would have been telling lies about her.' So he parted from her before the Messenger of Allah told him to separate from her, and that became the way of Li'an."
Sunan an-Nasa'i Book 27, Hadith 78
Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi from Abdullah ibn Umar
that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,
said, "Do not ask for a woman in marriage when another muslim has
already done so."
Malik said, "The explanation of the
statement of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him
peace, according to what we think - and Allah knows best - is that 'Do
not ask for a woman in marriage when another muslim has already done
so' means that when a man has asked for a woman in marriage, and she
has inclined to him and they have agreed on a bride-price, which she
has suggested and with which they are mutually satisfied, it is
forbidden for another man to ask for that woman in marriage. It does
not mean that when a man has asked for a woman in marriage, and his
suit does not agree with her and she does not incline to him that no
one else can ask for her in marriage. That is a door to misery for
people."
Muwatta Malik Book 28, Hadith 2