Yahya related to me from Malik from Yahya ibn Said from 'Amra
bint Abd ar-Rahman from A'isha, the wife of the Prophet, may Allah
bless him and grant him peace, that a jewish woman came to beg from
her and said, "May Allah give you refuge from the punishment of the
grave." So A'isha asked the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him
and grant him peace, "Are people punished in their graves?", and the
Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, took
refuge in Allah from that. Then one morning the Messenger of Allah,
may Allah bless him and grant him peace, went out on a journey and
there was an eclipse of the sun, and he returned in the late morning
and passed through his apartments. Then he stood and prayed, and the
people stood behind him. He stood for a long time, and then went into
ruku for a long time. Then he rose and stood for a long time, though
less than the first time, and then went into ruku for a long time,
though less than the first time. Then he rose, and went down into
sajda. Then he stood for a long time, though less than the time
before, and then went into ruku for a long time, though less than the
time before. Then he rose and stood for a long time, though less than
the time before, and then went into ruku for a long time, though less
than the time before. Then he rose, and went down into sajda. When he
had finished he said what Allah willed him to say, and then he told
them to seek protection for themselves from the punishment of the
grave."
Muwatta Malik Book 12, Hadith 3
Once, while we were sitting in the company of Prophet, a dead man was
brought. The Prophet (ﷺ) was requested to lead the funeral prayer for the
deceased. He said, "Is he in debt?" The people replied in the
negative. He said, "Has he left any wealth?" They said, "No." So, he
led his funeral prayer. Another dead man was brought and the people
said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! Lead his funeral prayer." The Prophet (ﷺ) said,
"Is he in debt?" They said, "Yes." He said, "Has he left any wealth?"
They said, ''Three Dinars." So, he led the prayer. Then a third dead
man was brought and the people said (to the Prophet (ﷺ) ), Please lead his
funeral prayer." He said, "Has he left any wealth?" They said, "No."
He asked, "Is he in debt?" They said, ("Yes! He has to pay) three
Diners.', He (refused to pray and) said, "Then pray for your (dead)
companion." Abu Qatada said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! Lead his funeral
prayer, and I will pay his debt." So, he led the prayer.
Sahih al-Bukhari Book 38, Hadith 3
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) sent me, Az-Zubair and Al-Miqdad saying, "Proceed till you reach Rawdat Khakh
where there is a lady carrying a letter, and take that (letter) from her." So we proceeded on our way
with our horses galloping till we reached the Rawda, and there we found the lady and said to her,
"Take out the letter." She said, "I have no letter." We said, "Take out the letter, or else we will take off
your clothes." So she took it out of her braid, and we brought the letter to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) . The letter
was addressed from Hatib, bin Abi Balta'a to some pagans of Mecca, telling them about what Allah's
Apostle intended to do. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "O Hatib! What is this?" Hatib replied, "O Allah's
Apostle! Do not make a hasty decision about me. I was a person not belonging to Quraish but I was an
ally to them from outside and had no blood relation with them, and all the Emigrants who were with
you, have got their kinsmen (in Mecca) who can protect their families and properties. So I liked to do
them a favor so that they might protect my relatives as I have no blood relation with them. I did not do
this to renegade from my religion (i.e. Islam) nor did I do it to choose Heathenism after Islam."
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said to his companions." As regards him, he (i.e. Hatib) has told you the truth." `Umar
said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! Allow me to chop off the head of this hypocrite!" The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "He (i.e.
Hatib) has witnessed the Badr battle (i.e. fought in it) and what could tell you, perhaps Allah looked at
those who witnessed Badr and said, "O the people of Badr (i.e. Badr Muslim warriors), do what you
like, for I have forgiven you. "Then Allah revealed the Sura:--
"O you who believe! Take not my enemies And your enemies as friends offering them (Your) love
even though they have disbelieved in that Truth (i.e. Allah, Prophet Muhammad and this Quran)
which has come to you ....(to the end of Verse)....(And whosoever of you (Muslims) does that, then
indeed he has gone (far) astray (away) from the Straight Path." (60.1
Sahih al-Bukhari Book 64, Hadith 308