`Urwa bin Az-Zubair said that he asked `Aisha about the meaning of the Qur'anic Verse:--
"And if you fear that you will not deal fairly with the orphan girls then marry (other) women of your
choice." (4.2-3)
Aisha said, "It is about a female orphan under the guardianship of her guardian who is inclined
towards her because of her beauty and wealth, and likes to marry her with a Mahr less than what is
given to women of her standard. So they (i.e. guardians) were forbidden to marry the orphans unless
they paid them a full appropriate Mahr (otherwise) they were ordered to marry other women instead of
them. Later on the people asked Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) about it. So Allah revealed the following Verse:--
"They ask your instruction (O Muhammad!) regarding women. Say: Allah instructs you regarding
them..." (4.127)
and in this Verse Allah indicated that if the orphan girl was beautiful and wealthy, her guardian would
have the desire to marry her without giving her an appropriate Mahr equal to what her peers could get,
but if she was undesirable for lack of beauty or wealth, then he would not marry her, but seek to marry
some other woman instead of her. So, since he did not marry her when he had no inclination towards
her, he had not the right to marry her when he had an interest in her, unless he treated her justly by
giving her a full Mahr and securing all her rights.
Sahih al-Bukhari Book 55, Hadith 26
The Prophet (ﷺ) continued for such-and-such period imagining that he has slept (had sexual relations)
with his wives, and in fact he did not. One day he said, to me, "O `Aisha! Allah has instructed me
regarding a matter about which I had asked Him. There came to me two men, one of them sat near my
feet and the other near my head. The one near my feet, asked the one near my head (pointing at me),
'What is wrong with this man? The latter replied, 'He is under the effect of magic.' The first one asked,
'Who had worked magic on him?' The other replied, 'Lubaid bin Asam.' The first one asked, 'What
material (did he use)?' The other replied, 'The skin of the pollen of a male date tree with a comb and
the hair stuck to it, kept under a stone in the well of Dharwan."' Then the Prophet (ﷺ) went to that well
and said, "This is the same well which was shown to me in the dream. The tops of its date-palm trees
look like the heads of the devils, and its water looks like the Henna infusion." Then the Prophet (ﷺ)
ordered that those things be taken out. I said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! Won't you disclose (the magic
object)?" The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Allah has cured me and I hate to circulate the evil among the people."
`Aisha added, "(The magician) Lubaid bin Asam was a man from Bani Zuraiq, an ally of the Jews."
Sahih al-Bukhari Book 78, Hadith 93
Uyaina bin Hisn bin Hudhaifa bin Badr came and stayed (at Medina) with his nephew Al-Hurr bin
Qais bin Hisn who was one of those whom `Umar used to keep near him, as the Qurra' (learned men
knowing Qur'an by heart) were the people of `Umar's meetings and his advisors whether they were old
or young. 'Uyaina said to his nephew, "O my nephew! Have you an approach to this chief so as to get
for me the permission to see him?" His nephew said, "I will get the permission for you to see him."
(Ibn `Abbas added: ) So he took the permission for 'Uyaina, and when the latter entered, he said, "O
the son of Al-Khattab! By Allah, you neither give us sufficient provision nor judge among us with
justice." On that `Umar became so furious that he intended to harm him. Al-Hurr, said, "O Chief of
the Believers!" Allah said to His Apostle 'Hold to forgiveness, command what is good (right), and
leave the foolish (i.e. do not punish them).' (7.199) and this person is among the foolish." By Allah,
`Umar did not overlook that Verse when Al-Hurr recited it before him, and `Umar said to observe (the
orders of) Allah's Book strictly." (See Hadith No. 166, Vol. 6)
Sahih al-Bukhari Book 96, Hadith 17
Malik related to me from Amr ibn Yahya al-Mazini from his father
that ad-Dahhak ibn Khalifa watered his irrigation ditch from a large
source of water. He wanted to have it pass through the land of
Muhammad ibn Maslama, and Muhammad refused. Ad-Dahhak said to him,
"Why do you prevent me? It will benefit you. You can drink from it
first and last and it will not harm you." Muhammed refused so ad-
Dahhak spoke about it to Umar ibn al-Khattab, and Umar ibn al-Khattab
summoned Muhammad ibn Maslama and ordered him to clear the way.
Muhammad said, "No." Umar said, "Why do you prevent your brother from
what will benefit him and is also useful for you? You will take water
from it first and last and it will not harm you."
Muhammad
said, "No, by Allah!" Umar said, "By Allah, he will pass it through,
even if it is over your belly!" Umar ordered him to allow its passage
and ad-Dahhak did so.
Muwatta Malik Book 36, Hadith 44
I was in Syria (having) a circle (of friends). in which was Muslim b. Yasir. There came Abu'l-Ash'ath. He (the narrator) said that they (the friends) called him: Abu'l-Ash'ath, Abu'l-Ash'ath, and he sat down. I said to him: Narrate to our brother the hadith of Ubada b. Samit. He said: Yes. We went out on an expedition, Mu'awiya being the leader of the people, and we gained a lot of spoils of war. And there was one silver utensil in what we took as spoils. Mu'awiya ordered a person to sell it for payment to the people (soldiers). The people made haste in getting that. The news of (this state of affairs) reached 'Ubada b. Samit, and he stood up and said: I heard Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forbidding the sale of gold by gold, and silver by silver, and wheat by wheat, and barley by barley, and dates by dates, and salt by salt, except like for like and equal for equal. So he who made an addition or who accepted an addition (committed the sin of taking) interest. So the people returned what they had got. This reached Mu'awiya. and he stood up to deliver an address. He said: What is the matter with people that they narrate from the Messenger (ﷺ) such tradition which we did not hear though we saw him (the Holy Prophet) and lived in his company? Thereupon, Ubida b. Samit stood up and repeated that narration, and then said: We will definitely narrate what we heard from Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) though it may be unpleasant to Mu'awiya (or he said: Even if it is against his will). I do not mind if I do not remain in his troop in the dark night. Hammad said this or something like this.
Sahih Muslim Book 22, Hadith 100
That she asked the Prophet (ﷺ) , 'Have you encountered a day harder than the day of the battle) of Uhud?"
The Prophet (ﷺ) replied, "Your tribes have troubled me a lot, and the worse trouble was the trouble on the
day of 'Aqaba when I presented myself to Ibn `Abd-Yalail bin `Abd-Kulal and he did not respond to
my demand. So I departed, overwhelmed with excessive sorrow, and proceeded on, and could not
relax till I found myself at Qarnath-Tha-alib where I lifted my head towards the sky to see a cloud
shading me unexpectedly. I looked up and saw Gabriel in it. He called me saying, 'Allah has heard
your people's saying to you, and what they have replied back to you, Allah has sent the Angel of the
Mountains to you so that you may order him to do whatever you wish to these people.' The Angel of
the Mountains called and greeted me, and then said, "O Muhammad! Order what you wish. If you
like, I will let Al-Akh-Shabain (i.e. two mountains) fall on them." The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "No but I hope
that Allah will let them beget children who will worship Allah Alone, and will worship None besides
Him."
Sahih al-Bukhari Book 59, Hadith 42
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) entered Makkah through its upper part and he was riding his she-camel. Usãma bin Zaid was his Companion-rider behind him (on the same she-camel). In his company were Bilãl and 'Uthmãn bin Talha, who was one of the Al-Hajabah (who keep the key of the gate of the Ka'bah). When he made his she-camel kneel down in the Mosque (i.e., Al-Masjid al-Haram), he ordered him (i.e., 'Uthman) to bring the key of the Ka'bah. Then Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) entered the Ka'bah along with 'Usãma bin Zaid, Bilãl and 'Uthmãn bin Talha, and he stayed in it for a long period and then came out. The people rushed (to get in) and `Abdullãh bin 'Umar was the first to enter and he found Bilãl standing behind the door. Ibn `Umar asked Bilãl, "Where did Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) offer the Salat
(prayer)?" Bilãl showed him the place
where he (ﷺ) had offered Salat (prayer).
`Abdullah later on said, "I forgot to ask Bilãl how many prostrations (i.e., Rak'a) the
Prophet offered."
Sahih al-Bukhari Book 64, Hadith 322
We served ourselves in the company of Messenger of Allah (ﷺ). We tended our camels by turn. One day I had my turn to tend the camels, and I drove them in the afternoon. I found the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) addressing the people. I heard him say: Anyone amongst you who performs ablution, and does it well, then he stands and offers two rak’ahs of prayer, concentrating on it with his heart and body, Paradise will be his lot by all means. I said: Ha-ha! How fine it is! A man in front of me said: The action (mentioned by the Prophet) earlier, O ‘Uqbah, is finer that this one. I looked at him and found him to be ‘Umar b. al-Khattab. I asked him: What is that, O Abu Hafs? He replied: He (the Prophet) had said before you came: If any one of you performs ablution, and does it well, and when he finishes the ablution, he utters the words : I bear witness that there is no deity except Allah, He has no associate, and I bear witness that Muhammad is His Servant and His Messenger, all the eight doors of Paradise will be opened for him; he may enter (through) any of them.
Mu’awiyah said: Rabi’ah b. Yazid narrated this tradition to me from Abu Idris and the authority of ‘Uqbah b.’Amir.
Sunan Abi Dawud Book 1, Hadith 169
A bedouin came to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and said, "O Allah's apostle! I ask you by Allah to judge My case
according to Allah's Laws." His opponent, who was more learned than he, said, "Yes, judge between
us according to Allah's Laws, and allow me to speak." Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "Speak." He (i .e. the
bedouin or the other man) said, "My son was working as a laborer for this (man) and he committed
illegal sexual intercourse with his wife. The people told me that it was obligatory that my son should
be stoned to death, so in lieu of that I ransomed my son by paying one hundred sheep and a slave girl.
Then I asked the religious scholars about it, and they informed me that my son must be lashed one
hundred lashes, and be exiled for one year, and the wife of this (man) must be stoned to death."
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "By Him in Whose Hands my soul is, I will judge between you according to
Allah's Laws. The slave-girl and the sheep are to be returned to you, your son is to receive a hundred
lashes and be exiled for one year. You, Unais, go to the wife of this (man) and if she confesses her
guilt, stone her to death." Unais went to that woman next morning and she confessed. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)
ordered that she be stoned to death.
Sahih al-Bukhari Book 54, Hadith 13
“Ibn Juraij said to me: “Ubaidullah bin Abi Yazid informed me that Ibn Abbas said: “A man came to the Prophet and said: ‘O Messenger of Allah! I had a dream at night while I was sleeping, in which I was praying behind a tree, when I prostrated, the tree prostrated along with me. Then I heard it saying: “O Allah! Record for me a reward with You for it, remove a sin from me by it, and store it away for me with You for it, and accept it from me as You accepted it from Your worshipper Dawud (Allāhumma uktub lī bihā `indaka ajran, waḍa` `annī bihā wizran, waj`alhā lī `indaka dhukhran, wa taqabbalhā minnī kamā taqabbalta min `abdika Dāwūd).” Al-Hasan said: “Ibn Juraij said to me: ‘Your grandfather said to me: “Ibn Abbas said: ‘So the Prophet recited (an Ayah of) prostration, then prostrated.’” “So Ibn Abbas said: ‘I listened to him, and he was saying the same as the man informed that the tree had said.’”
Jami` at-Tirmidhi Book 48, Hadith 55
Abu Bakr came riding his horse from his dwelling place in As-Sunh. He got down from it, entered the
Mosque and did not speak with anybody till he came to me and went direct to the Prophet, who was
covered with a marked blanket. Abu Bakr uncovered his face. He knelt down and kissed him and then
started weeping and said, "My father and my mother be sacrificed for you, O Allah's Prophet! Allah
will not combine two deaths on you. You have died the death which was written for you."
Narrated Abu Salama from Ibn `Abbas : Abu Bakr came out and `Umar , was addressing the people,
and Abu Bakr told him to sit down but `Umar refused. Abu Bakr again told him to sit down but `Umar
again refused. Then Abu Bakr recited the Tashah-hud (i.e. none has the right to be worshipped but
Allah and Muhammad is Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)) and the people attended to Abu Bakr and left `Umar. Abu
Bakr said, "Amma ba'du, whoever amongst you worshipped Muhammad, then Muhammad is dead,
but whoever worshipped Allah, Allah is alive and will never die. Allah said: 'Muhammad is no more
than an Apostle and indeed (many) Apostles have passed away before him ..(up to the) grateful.' "
(3.144) (The narrator added, "By Allah, it was as if the people never knew that Allah had revealed this
verse before till Abu Bakr recited it and then whoever heard it, started reciting it.")
Sahih al-Bukhari Book 23, Hadith 5
(the wife of the Prophet) I never remembered my parents believing in any religion other than the true religion (i.e. Islam), and (I don't remember) a single day passing without our being visited by Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) in the morning and in the evening. When the Muslims were put to test (i.e. troubled by the pagans), Abu Bakr set out migrating to the land of Ethiopia, and when he reached Bark-al-Ghimad, Ibn Ad-Daghina, the chief of the tribe of Qara, met him and said, "O Abu Bakr! Where are you going?" Abu Bakr replied, "My people have turned me out (of my country), so I want to wander on the earth and worship my Lord." Ibn Ad-Daghina said, "O Abu Bakr! A man like you should not leave his home-land, nor should he be driven out, because you help the destitute, earn their livings, and you keep good relations with your Kith and kin, help the weak and poor, entertain guests generously, and help the calamity-stricken persons. Therefore I am your protector. Go back and worship your Lord in your town."
So Abu Bakr returned and Ibn Ad-Daghina accompanied him. In the evening Ibn Ad-Daghina visited the nobles of Quraish and said to them. "A man like Abu Bakr should not leave his homeland, nor should he be driven out. Do you (i.e. Quraish) drive out a man who helps the destitute, earns their living, keeps good relations with his Kith and kin, helps the weak and poor, entertains guests generously and helps the calamity-stricken persons?" So the people of Quraish could not refuse Ibn Ad-Daghina's protection, and they said to Ibn Ad-Daghina, "Let Abu Bakr worship his Lord in his house. He can pray and recite there whatever he likes, but he should not hurt us with it, and should not do it publicly, because we are afraid that he may affect our women and children." Ibn Ad-Daghina told Abu Bakr of all that. Abu Bakr stayed in that state, worshipping his Lord in his house. He did not pray publicly, nor did he recite Quran outside his house. Then a thought occurred to Abu Bakr to build a mosque in front of his house, and there he used to pray and recite the Quran. The women and children of the pagans began to gather around him in great number. They used to wonder at him and look at him. Abu Bakr was a man who used to weep too much, and he could not help weeping on reciting the Quran. That situation scared the nobles of the pagans of Quraish, so they sent for Ibn Ad-Daghina. When he came to them, they said, "We accepted your protection of Abu Bakr on condition that he should worship his Lord in his house, but he has violated the conditions and he has built a mosque in front of his house where he prays and recites the Quran publicly. We are now afraid that he may affect our women and children unfavorably. So, prevent him from that. If he likes to confine the worship of his Lord to his house, he may do so, but if he insists on doing that openly, ask him to release you from your obligation to protect him, for we dislike to break our pact with you, but we deny Abu Bakr the right to announce his act publicly." Ibn Ad-Daghina went to Abu- Bakr and said, ("O Abu Bakr!) You know well what contract I have made on your behalf; now, you are either to abide by it, or else release me from my obligation of protecting you, because I do not want the 'Arabs hear that my people have dishonored a contract I have made on behalf of another man." Abu Bakr replied, "I release you from your pact to protect me, and am pleased with the protection from Allah."
At that time the Prophet (ﷺ) was in Mecca, and he said to the Muslims, "In a dream I have been shown your migration place, a land of date palm trees, between two mountains, the two stony tracts." So, some people migrated to Medina, and most of those people who had previously migrated to the land of Ethiopia, returned to Medina. Abu Bakr also prepared to leave for Medina, but Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said to him, "Wait for a while, because I hope that I will be allowed to migrate also." Abu Bakr said, "Do you indeed expect this? Let my father be sacrificed for you!" The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Yes." So Abu Bakr did not migrate for the sake of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) in order to accompany him. He fed two she-camels he possessed with the leaves of As-Samur tree that fell on being struck by a stick for four months.
One day, while we were sitting in Abu Bakr's house at noon, someone said to Abu Bakr, "This is Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) with his head covered coming at a time at which he never used to visit us before." Abu Bakr said, "May my parents be sacrificed for him. By Allah, he has not come at this hour except for a great necessity." So Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) came and asked permission to enter, and he was allowed to enter. When he entered, he said to Abu Bakr. "Tell everyone who is present with you to go away." Abu Bakr replied, "There are none but your family. May my father be sacrificed for you, O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)!" The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "i have been given permission to migrate." Abu Bakr said, "Shall I accompany you? May my father be sacrificed for you, O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)!" Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "Yes." Abu Bakr said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! May my father be sacrificed for you, take one of these two she-camels of mine." Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) replied, "(I will accept it) with payment." So we prepared the baggage quickly and put some journey food in a leather bag for them. Asma, Abu Bakr's daughter, cut a piece from her waist belt and tied the mouth of the leather bag with it, and for that reason she was named Dhat-un-Nitaqain (i.e. the owner of two belts).
Then Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and Abu Bakr reached a cave on the mountain of Thaur and stayed there for three nights. 'Abdullah bin Abi Bakr who was intelligent and a sagacious youth, used to stay (with them) aver night. He used to leave them before day break so that in the morning he would be with Quraish as if he had spent the night in Mecca. He would keep in mind any plot made against them, and when it became dark he would (go and) inform them of it. 'Amir bin Fuhaira, the freed slave of Abu Bakr, used to bring the milch sheep (of his master, Abu Bakr) to them a little while after nightfall in order to rest the sheep there. So they always had fresh milk at night, the milk of their sheep, and the milk which they warmed by throwing heated stones in it. 'Amir bin Fuhaira would then call the herd away when it was still dark (before daybreak). He did the same in each of those three nights. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and Abu Bakr had hired a man from the tribe of Bani Ad-Dail from the family of Bani Abd bin Adi as an expert guide, and he was in alliance with the family of Al-'As bin Wail As-Sahmi and he was on the religion of the infidels of Quraish. The Prophet (ﷺ) and Abu Bakr trusted him and gave him their two she-camels and took his promise to bring their two she camels to the cave of the mountain of Thaur in the morning after three nights later. And (when they set out), 'Amir bin Fuhaira and the guide went along with them and the guide led them along the sea-shore.
Sahih al-Bukhari Book 63, Hadith 130