Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi', the mawla of Abdullah ibn Umar, that Umar ibn al-Khattab wrote to his governors
saying, "The most important of your affairs in my view is the prayer.
Whoever protects it and observes it carefully is protecting his deen,
while whoever is negligent about it will be even more negligent about
other things." Then he added, "Pray dhuhr any time from when the
afternoon shade is the length of your forearm until the length of your
shadow matches your height. Pray asr when the sun is still pure white,
so that a rider can travel two or three farsakhs before the sun sets.
Pray maghrib when the sun has set. Pray isha any time from when the
redness in the western sky has disappeared until a third of the night
has passed - and a person who sleeps, may he have no rest, a person
who sleeps, may he have no rest. And pray subh when all the stars are
visible and like a haze in the sky."
Muwatta Malik Book 1, Hadith 6
Abu Bakr came to my father who was at home and purchased a saddle from him. He said to `Azib.
"Tell your son to carry it with me." So I carried it with him and my father followed us so as to take the
price (of the saddle). My father said, "O Abu Bakr! Tell me what happened to you on your night
journey with Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) (during Migration)." He said, "Yes, we travelled the whole night and also
the next day till midday. when nobody could be seen on the way ( because of the severe heat) . Then
there appeared a long rock having shade beneath it, and the sunshine had not come to it yet. So we
dismounted there and I levelled a place and covered it with an animal hide or dry grass for the Prophet (ﷺ)
to sleep on (for a while).
I then said, 'Sleep, O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ), and I will guard you.' So he slept and I went out to guard him.
Suddenly I saw a shepherd coming with his sheep to that rock with the same intention we had when
we came to it. I asked (him). 'To whom do you belong, O boy?' He replied, 'I belong to a man from
Medina or Mecca.' I said, 'Do your sheep have milk?' He said, 'Yes.' I said, 'Will you milk for us?' He
said, 'Yes.' He caught hold of a sheep and I asked him to clean its teat from dust, hairs and dirt. (The
sub-narrator said that he saw Al-Bara' striking one of his hands with the other, demonstrating how the
shepherd removed the dust.) The shepherd milked a little milk in a wooden container and I had a
leather container which I carried for the Prophet (ﷺ) to drink and perform the ablution from. I went to the
Prophet, hating to wake him up, but when I reached there, the Prophet (ﷺ) had already awakened; so I
poured water over the middle part of the milk container, till the milk was cold. Then I said, 'Drink, O
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)!' He drank till I was pleased.
Then he asked, 'Has the time for our departure come?' I said, 'Yes.' So we departed after midday.
Suraqa bin Malik followed us and I said, 'We have been discovered, O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)!' He said, Don't
grieve for Allah is with us.' The Prophet (ﷺ) invoked evil on him (i.e. Suraqa) and so the legs of his horse
sank into the earth up to its belly. (The subnarrator, Zuhair is not sure whether Abu Bakr said, "(It
sank) into solid earth.") Suraqa said, 'I see that you have invoked evil on me. Please invoke good on
me, and by Allah, I will cause those who are seeking after you to return.' The Prophet (ﷺ) invoked good
on him and he was saved. Then, whenever he met somebody on the way, he would say, 'I have looked
for him here in vain.' So he caused whomever he met to return. Thus Suraqa fulfilled his promise."
Sahih al-Bukhari Book 61, Hadith 122
(the wife of the Prophet) Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) died while Abu Bakr was at a place called As-Sunah (Al-'Aliya) 'Umar stood up and said, "By Allah! Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) is not dead!" 'Umar (later on) said, "By Allah! Nothing occurred to my mind except that." He said, "Verily! Allah will resurrect him and he will cut the hands and legs of some men." Then Abu Bakr came and uncovered the face of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ), kissed him and said, "Let my mother and father be sacrificed for you, (O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)), you are good in life and in death. By Allah in Whose Hands my life is, Allah will never make you taste death twice." Then he went out and said, "O oath-taker! Don't be hasty." When Abu Bakr spoke, 'Umar sat down. Abu Bakr praised and glorified Allah and said, No doubt! Whoever worshipped Muhammad, then Muhammad is dead, but whoever worshipped Allah, then Allah is Alive and shall never die." Then he recited Allah's Statement.:-- "(O Muhammad) Verily you will die, and they also will die." (39.30) He also recited:-- "Muhammad is no more than an Apostle; and indeed many Apostles have passed away, before him, If he dies Or is killed, will you then Turn back on your heels? And he who turns back On his heels, not the least Harm will he do to Allah And Allah will give reward to those Who are grateful." (3.144) The people wept loudly, and the Ansar were assembled with Sad bin 'Ubada in the shed of Bani Saida. They said (to the emigrants). "There should be one 'Amir from us and one from you." Then Abu Bakr, Umar bin Al-Khattab and Abu 'baida bin Al-Jarrah went to them. 'Umar wanted to speak but Abu Bakr stopped him. 'Umar later on used to say, "By Allah, I intended only to say something that appealed to me and I was afraid that Abu Bakr would not speak so well. Then Abu Bakr spoke and his speech was very eloquent. He said in his statement, "We are the rulers and you (Ansars) are the ministers (i.e. advisers)," Hubab bin Al-Mundhir said, "No, by Allah we won't accept this. But there must be a ruler from us and a ruler from you." Abu Bakr said, "No, we will be the rulers and you will be the ministers, for they (i.e. Quarish) are the best family amongst the 'Arabs and of best origin. So you should elect either 'Umar or Abu 'Ubaida bin Al-Jarrah as your ruler." 'Umar said (to Abu Bakr), "No but we elect you, for you are our chief and the best amongst us and the most beloved of all of us to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)." So 'Umar took Abu Bakr's hand and gave the pledge of allegiance and the people too gave the pledge of allegiance to Abu Bakr. Someone said, "You have killed Sad bin Ubada." 'Umar said, "Allah has killed him."
Sahih al-Bukhari Book 62, Hadith 19
The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Allah will give shade, to seven, on the Day when there will be no shade but His.
(These seven persons are) a just ruler, a youth who has been brought up in the worship of Allah (i.e.
worships Allah sincerely from childhood), a man whose heart is attached to the mosques (i.e. to pray
the compulsory prayers in the mosque in congregation), two persons who love each other only for
Allah's sake and they meet and part in Allah's cause only, a man who refuses the call of a charming
woman of noble birth for illicit intercourse with her and says: I am afraid of Allah, a man who gives
charitable gifts so secretly that his left hand does not know what his right hand has given (i.e. nobody
knows how much he has given in charity), and a person who remembers Allah in seclusion and his
eyes are then flooded with tears."
Sahih al-Bukhari Book 10, Hadith 54
The Prophet (ﷺ) used to proceed to the Musalla on the days of Id-ul-Fitr and Id-ul-Adha; the first thing to
begin with was the prayer and after that he would stand in front of the people and the people would
keep sitting in their rows. Then he would preach to them, advise them and give them orders, (i.e.
Khutba). And after that if he wished to send an army for an expedition, he would do so; or if he
wanted to give and order, he would do so, and then depart. The people followed this tradition till I
went out with Marwan, the Governor of Medina, for the prayer of Id-ul-Adha or Id-ul-Fitr.
When we reached the Musalla, there was a pulpit made by Kathir bin As-Salt. Marwan wanted to get
up on that pulpit before the prayer. I got hold of his clothes but he pulled them and ascended the pulpit
and delivered the Khutba before the prayer. I said to him, "By Allah, you have changed (the Prophet's
tradition)." He replied, "O Abu Sa`id! Gone is that which you know." I said, "By Allah! What I know
is better than what I do not know." Marwan said, "People do not sit to listen to our Khutba after the
prayer, so I delivered the Khutba before the prayer."
Sahih al-Bukhari Book 13, Hadith 8
Abu Bakr As-Siddiq sent for me when the people of Yamama had been killed (i.e., a number of the
Prophet's Companions who fought against Musailima). (I went to him) and found `Umar bin Al-
Khattab sitting with him. Abu Bakr then said (to me), "`Umar has come to me and said: "Casualties
were heavy among the Qurra' of the Qur'an (i.e. those who knew the Qur'an by heart) on the day of
the Battle of Yamama, and I am afraid that more heavy casualties may take place among the Qurra'
on other battlefields, whereby a large part of the Qur'an may be lost. Therefore I suggest, you (Abu
Bakr) order that the Qur'an be collected." I said to `Umar, "How can you do something which Allah's
Apostle did not do?" `Umar said, "By Allah, that is a good project." `Umar kept on urging me to
accept his proposal till Allah opened my chest for it and I began to realize the good in the idea which
`Umar had realized." Then Abu Bakr said (to me). 'You are a wise young man and we do not have any
suspicion about you, and you used to write the Divine Inspiration for Allah's Messenger (ﷺ). So you should
search for (the fragmentary scripts of) the Qur'an and collect it in one book." By Allah If they had
ordered me to shift one of the mountains, it would not have been heavier for me than this ordering me
to collect the Qur'an. Then I said to Abu Bakr, "How will you do something which Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) did
not do?" Abu Bakr replied, "By Allah, it is a good project." Abu Bakr kept on urging me to accept his
idea until Allah opened my chest for what He had opened the chests of Abu Bakr and `Umar. So I
started looking for the Qur'an and collecting it from (what was written on) palme stalks, thin white
stones and also from the men who knew it by heart, till I found the last Verse of Surat at-Tauba
(Repentance) with Abi Khuzaima Al-Ansari, and I did not find it with anybody other than him. The
Verse is:
'Verily there has come unto you an Apostle (Muhammad) from amongst yourselves. It grieves him
that you should receive any injury or difficulty..(till the end of Surat-Baraa' (at-Tauba) (9.128-129).
Then the complete manuscripts (copy) of the Qur'an remained with Abu Bakr till he died, then with
`Umar till the end of his life, and then with Hafsa, the daughter of `Umar.
Sahih al-Bukhari Book 66, Hadith 8
Once `Umar (bin Al-Khattab) said to the companions of the Prophet (ﷺ) "What do you think about this
Verse:--"Does any of you wish that he should have a garden?" They replied, "Allah knows best."
`Umar became angry and said, "Either say that you know or say that you do not know!" On that Ibn
`Abbas said, "O chief of the believers! I have something in my mind to say about it." `Umar said, "O
son of my brother! Say, and do not under estimate yourself." Ibn `Abbas said, "This Verse has been
set up as an example for deeds." `Umar said, "What kind of deeds?" Ibn `Abbas said, "For deeds."
`Umar said, "This is an example for a rich man who does goods out of obedience of Allah and then
Allah sends him Satan whereupon he commits sins till all his good deeds are lost."
Sahih al-Bukhari Book 65, Hadith 61
Safiya got her menses on the night of Nafr (departure from Hajj), and she said, "I see that I will detain you." The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Aqra Halqa! Did she perform the Tawaf on the Day of Nahr (slaughtering)?" Somebody replied in the affirmative. He said, "Then depart." (Different narrators mentioned that) `Aisha said, "We set out with Allah''s Apostle (from Medina) with the intention of performing Hajj only. When we reached Mecca, he ordered us to finish the Ihram. When it was the night of Nafr (departure), Safiya bint Huyay got her menses. The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Halqa Aqra! I think that she will detain you," and added, "Did you perform the Tawaf (Al-Ifada) on the Day of Nahr (slaughtering)?" She replied, "Yes." He said, "Then depart." I said, "O Allah''s Apostle! I have not (done the Umra)." He replied, "Perform `Umra from Tan`im." My brother went with me and we came across the Prophet (ﷺ) in the last part of the night. He said, "Wait at such and such a place."
Sahih al-Bukhari Book 25, Hadith 247
Yahya related to me from Malik, from Abu'l-Aswad Muhammad ibn Abd
ar-Rahman, fromUrwa ibn az-Zubayr, that A'isha, the wife of the
Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "We set out
with the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,
in the year of the farewell hajj, and some of us went into ihram to do
umra, some of us went into ihram to do hajj and umra, and some of us
went into ihram to do hajj on its own. The Messenger of Allah, may
Allah bless him and grant him peace, went into ihram to do hajj on its
own. Those who had gone into ihram to do umra came out of ihram (after
doing umra). Those who had gone into ihram to do hajj (on its own), or
to do both hajj and umra, did not come out of ihram until the day of
the sacrifice."
Muwatta Malik Book 20, Hadith 37
Messenger of Allah. Allah is not ashamed of truth what do you think, if a woman sees what a man sees in dream, should she take a bath or not? The prophet (ﷺ) replied: Yes, she should take a bath if she finds the liquid (vaginal secretion) ‘A’ishah said : Then I came upon her and said her : Woe to you! Does a woman see that (sexual dream)? In the meantime, the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) came upon me and said: May your right hand be covered with dust! How can there be the resemblance (i.e., between the child and the mother)?
Abu Dawud said: A similar version has been narrated by Zubaid, ‘Uqail, Yunus, cousin of Al-Zuhri, Ibn Abi-Wazir, on the authority of al-Zuhr, musan, al-Hajabi, like al-Zuhri, narrated on the authority of ‘Urwah from ‘A’ishah, but Hisham b. ‘Urwah narrated from ‘Urwah on the authority of Zainab daughter of Abu Salamah from Umm Salamah saying. Umm Sulaim came to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ).
Sunan Abi Dawud Book 1, Hadith 237