From Sa'eed bin Al-Musayyab, from Ma'mar bin 'Abdullah bin Nadlah who said: "I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) saying: 'Hoarding is nothing but sin.' So I (Muhammad) said to Sa'eed: "O Abu Muhammad! You hoard?" He said: "And Ma'mar would hoard."
It is also been reported that Sa'eed bin Musayyab would hoard oil, (camel) fodder, and the like.
There are narrations on this topic from 'Umar, 'Ali, Abu Umamah, and Ibn 'Umar. The Hadith of Ma'mar is a Hasan Sahih Hadith. This is acted upon according to the people of knowledge, they dislike hoarding food, and some of them make a concession for hoarding things other than food. Ibn Al-Mubarak said: "There is no harm in hoarding cotton, goat pelts and like."
Jami` at-Tirmidhi Book 14, Hadith 69
concerning the Verse: 'Do not prevent them' (2.232) Ma'qil bin Yasar told me that it was revealed in
his connection. He said, "I married my sister to a man and he divorced her, and when her days of 'Idda
(three menstrual periods) were over, the man came again and asked for her hand, but I said to him, 'I
married her to you and made her your bed (your wife) and favored you with her, but you divorced her.
Now you come to ask for her hand again? No, by Allah, she will never go back to you (again)!' That
man was not a bad man and his wife wanted to go back to him. So Allah revealed this Verse: 'Do not
prevent them.' (2.232) So I said, 'Now I will do it (let her go back to him), O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)."So he
married her to him again.
Sahih al-Bukhari Book 67, Hadith 66
“Whenever he
appointed a man to lead a military detachment, the Messenger of Allah
(ﷺ) would advise him especially to fear Allah and treat the Muslims
with him well. He (ﷺ) said: ‘Fight in the Name of Allah and in
the
cause of Allah. Fight those how disbelieve in Allah. Fight but do
not
be treacherous, do not steal from the spoils of war, do not
mutilate
and do not kill children. When you meet your enemy from
among the
polytheists, call them to one of three things. Whichever of
them they
respond to, accept it from them and refrain from fighting
them. Invite
them to accept Islam, and if they respond then accept it
from them and
refrain from fighting them. Then invite them to leave
their land and
move to the land of the polytheists. Tell them that if
they do that,
then they will have the same rights and duties as the
polytheists. If
they refuse, then tell them that they will be like
the Muslim Bedouins
(who live in the desert), subject to the same
rulings of Allah as the
believers. But they will have no share of
Fay’* or war spoils, unless
they fight alongside the Muslims. If
they refuse to enter Islam, then
ask them to pay the Poll-tax. If
they do that, then accept it from
them and refrain from fighting
them. But if they refuse, then seek the
help of Allah against them
and fight them. If you lay siege to them
and they want you to give
them the protection of Allah and your
Prophet, do not give them the
protection of Allah and your Prophet,
rather give them your
protection and the protection of your father and
your Companions, for
if you violate your protection and the protection
of your fathers,
that is easier than violating the protection of Allah
and the
protection of His Messenger. If you lay siege to them and they
want
you to let them come out with a promise of the judgement of Allah
and
His Messenger (ﷺ), do not offer them a promise of the judgement
of
Allah and His Messenger (ﷺ), rather offer them your judgement,
because you do not know if you will actually pass (the same as)
Allah’s judgement regarding them or not.’”
Another chain reports a similar hadith.
Sunan Ibn Majah Book 24, Hadith 106
Allah's Prophet said, "When Allah decrees some order in the heaven, the angels flutter their wings
indicating complete surrender to His saying which sounds like chains being dragged on rock. And
when the state of fear disappears, they ask each other, "What has your Lord ordered? They say that He
has said that which is true and just, and He is the Most High, the Most Great." (34.23). Then the
stealthy listeners (devils) hear this order, and these stealthy listeners are like this, one over the other."
(Sufyan, a sub-narrator demonstrated that by holding his hand upright and separating the fingers.) A
stealthy listener hears a word which he will convey to that which is below him and the second will
convey it to that which is below him till the last of them will convey it to the wizard or foreteller.
Sometimes a flame (fire) may strike the devil before he can convey it, and sometimes he may convey
it before the flame (fire) strikes him, whereupon the wizard adds to that word a hundred lies. The
people will then say, 'Didn't he (i.e. magician) tell such-and-such a thing on such-and-such date?' So
that magician is said to have told the truth because of the Statement which has been heard from the
heavens."
Sahih al-Bukhari Book 65, Hadith 322
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) wrote to Caesar and invited him to Islam and sent him his letter with Dihya Al-Kalbi
whom Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) ordered to hand it over to the Governor of Busra who would forward it to
Caesar. Caesar as a sign of gratitude to Allah, had walked from Hims to Ilya (i.e. Jerusalem) when
Allah had granted Him victory over the Persian forces. So, when the letter of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) reached
Caesar, he said after reading it, 'Seek for me any one of his people! (Arabs of Quraish tribe) if present
here, in order to ask him about Allah's Messenger (ﷺ). At that time Abu Sufyan bin Harb was in Sham with
some men from Quraish who had come (to Sham) as merchants during the truce that had been
concluded between Allah's Messenger (ﷺ); and the infidels of Quraish.
Abu Sufyan said, Caesar's messenger found us somewhere in Sham so he took me and my
companions to Ilya and we were admitted into Ceasar's court to find him sitting in his royal court
wearing a crown and surrounded by the senior dignitaries of the Byzantine. He said to his translator.
'Ask them who amongst them is a close relation to the man who claims to be a prophet." Abu Sufyan
added, "I replied, 'I am the nearest relative to him.' He asked, 'What degree of relationship do you have
with him?' I replied, 'He is my cousin,' and there was none of Bani Abu Manaf in the caravan except
myself. Caesar said, 'Let him come nearer.' He then ordered that my companions stand behind me near
my shoulder and said to his translator, 'Tell his companions that I am going to ask this man about the
man who claims to be a prophet. If he tells a lie, they should contradict him immediately." Abu
Sufyan added, "By Allah! Had it not been shameful that my companions label me a liar, I would not
have spoken the truth about him when he asked me. But I considered it shameful to be called a liar by
my companions. So I told the truth.
He then said to his translator, 'Ask him what kind of family does he belong to.' I replied, 'He belongs
to a noble family amongst us.' He said, 'Have anybody else amongst you ever claimed the same before
him? 'I replied, 'No.' He said, 'Had you ever blamed him for telling lies before he claimed what he
claimed? ' I replied, 'No.' He said, 'Was anybody amongst his ancestors a king?' I replied, 'No.' He
said, "Do the noble or the poor follow him?' I replied, 'It is the poor who follow him.' He said, 'Are
they increasing or decreasing (day by day)?' I replied,' They are increasing.' He said, 'Does anybody
amongst those who embrace his (the Prophet's) Religion become displeased and then discard his
Religion?'. I replied, 'No. ' He said, 'Does he break his promises? I replied, 'No, but we are now at
truce with him and we are afraid that he may betray us." Abu Sufyan added, "Other than the last
sentence, I could not say anything against him. Caesar then asked, 'Have you ever had a war with
him?' I replied, 'Yes.' He said, 'What was the outcome of your battles with him?' I replied, 'The result
was unstable; sometimes he was victorious and sometimes we.' He said, 'What does he order you to
do?' I said, 'He tells us to worship Allah alone, and not to worship others along with Him, and to leave
all that our fore-fathers used to worship. He orders us to pray, give in charity, be chaste, keep
promises and return what is entrusted to us.'
When I had said that, Caesar said to his translator, 'Say to him: I ask you about his lineage and your
reply was that he belonged to a noble family. In fact, all the apostles came from the noblest lineage of
their nations. Then I questioned you whether anybody else amongst you had claimed such a thing, and
your reply was in the negative. If the answer had been in the affirmative, I would have thought that
this man was following a claim that had been said before him. When I asked you whether he was ever
blamed for telling lies, your reply was in the negative, so I took it for granted that a person who did
not tell a lie about (others) the people could never tell a lie about Allah. Then I asked you whether any
of his ancestors was a king. Your reply was in the negative, and if it had been in the affirmative, I
would have thought that this man wanted to take back his ancestral kingdom. When I asked you
whether the rich or the poor people followed him, you replied that it was the poor who followed him.
In fact, such are the followers of the apostles. Then I asked you whether his followers were increasing
or decreasing. You replied that they were increasing. In fact, this is the result of true faith till it is
complete (in all respects).
I asked you whether there was anybody who, after embracing his religion, became displeased and
discarded his religion; your reply was in the negative. In fact, this is the sign of true faith, for when its
cheerfulness enters and mixes in the hearts completely, nobody will be displeased with it. I asked you
whether he had ever broken his promise. You replied in the negative. And such are the apostles; they
never break their promises. When I asked you whether you fought with him and he fought with you,
you replied that he did, and that sometimes he was victorious and sometimes you. Indeed, such are the
apostles; they are put to trials and the final victory is always theirs.
Then I asked you what he ordered you. You replied that he ordered you to worship Allah alone and
not to worship others along with Him, to leave all that your fore-fathers used to worship, to offer
prayers, to speak the truth, to be chaste, to keep promises, and to return what is entrusted to you.
These are really the qualities of a prophet who, I knew (from the previous Scriptures) would appear,
but I did not know that he would be from amongst you. If what you say should be true, he will very
soon occupy the earth under my feet, and if I knew that I would reach him definitely, I would go
immediately to meet Him; and were I with him, then I would certainly wash his feet.' " Abu Sufyan
added, "Caesar then asked for the letter of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and it was read. Its contents were:
"In the name of Allah, the most Beneficent, the most Merciful (This letter is) from Muhammad, the
slave of Allah, and His Apostle, to Heraculius, the Ruler of the Byzantine. Peace be upon the
followers of guidance. Now then, I invite you to Islam (i.e. surrender to Allah), embrace Islam and
you will be safe; embrace Islam and Allah will bestow on you a double reward. But if you reject this
invitation of Islam, you shall be responsible for misguiding the tillers (i.e. your nation). O people of
the Scriptures! Come to a word common to you and us and you, that we worship. None but Allah, and
that we associate nothing in worship with Him; and that none of us shall take others as Lords besides
Allah. Then if they turn away, say: Bear witness that we are (they who have surrendered (unto
Him)..(3.64)
Abu Sufyan added, "When Heraclius had finished his speech, there was a great hue and cry caused by
the Byzantine Royalties surrounding him, and there was so much noise that I did not understand what
they said. So, we were turned out of the court. When I went out with my companions and we were
alone, I said to them, 'Verily, Ibn Abi Kabsha's (i.e. the Prophet's) affair has gained power. This is the
King of Bani Al-Asfar fearing him." Abu Sufyan added, "By Allah, I remained low and was sure that
his religion would be victorious till Allah converted me to Islam, though I disliked it."
Sahih al-Bukhari Book 56, Hadith 153
When `Abdullah bin Ubai (the chief of hypocrites) died, his son came to the Prophet (ﷺ) and said, "O
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! Please give me your shirt to shroud him in it, offer his funeral prayer and ask for
Allah's forgiveness for him." So Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) (p.b.u.h) gave his shirt to him and said, "Inform me
(When the funeral is ready) so that I may offer the funeral prayer." So, he informed him and when the
Prophet intended to offer the funeral prayer, `Umar took hold of his hand and said, "Has Allah not
forbidden you to offer the funeral prayer for the hypocrites? The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "I have been given the
choice for Allah says: '(It does not avail) Whether you (O Muhammad) ask forgiveness for them
(hypocrites), or do not ask for forgiveness for them. Even though you ask for their forgiveness seventy
times, Allah will not forgive them. (9.80)" So the Prophet (ﷺ) offered the funeral prayer and on that the
revelation came: "And never (O Muhammad) pray (funeral prayer) for any of them (i.e. hypocrites)
that dies." (9. 84)
Sahih al-Bukhari Book 23, Hadith 30