When we were in the company of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and he was distributing the spoils of war, there came to him Dhul-Khuwasira, one of Banu Tamim. He said: Messenger of Allah, do justice. Upon this the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: Woe be upon thee! Who would do justice, if I do not do justice? You would be unsuccessful and incurring a loss, if I do not do justice. Upon this Umar b. Khattab (Allah be pleased with him) said: Messenger of Allah, permit me to strike off his neck. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: Leave him, for he has friends (who would outwardly look to be so religious and pious) that everyone among you would consider his prayer insignificant as compared with their prayer, and his fast as compared with their fasts. They would recite the Quran but it would not go beyond their collar-bones. They would pass through (the teachings of Islam so hurriedly) just as the arrow passes through the prey. He would look at its Iron head, but would not find anything ticking) there. He would then see at the lowest end, but would not find anything sticking there. He would then see at its grip but would not find anything sticking to it. He would then see at its feathers and he would find nothing sticking to them (as the arrow would pass so quickly that nothing would stick to it) neither excrement nor blood. They would be recognised by the presence of a black man among them whose upper arms would be like a woman's breast, or like a piece of meat as it quivers, and they would come forth at the time when there is dissension among the people. Abu Sai'd said: I testify to the fact that I heard it from the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), and I testify to the fact that 'Ali b. Abu Talib fought against them and I was with him. He gave orders about that man who was sought for, and when he was brought in, and when I looked at him, he was exactly as the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) had described him.
Sahih Muslim Book 12, Hadith 193
that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "Whoever says (something) about the Quran according to his own opinion and he is correct, yet he has committed a mistake."
This Hadith is Gharib. Some of the people of Hadith have criticized Suhail bin Abi Hazm.
This is how it has
been reported from some of the people of knowledge among the Companions of the Prophet (ﷺ), and others. They were very stern about this - about explaining the
Quran without knowledge. As for what has been related from Mujãhid, Qatadah and others, among the people of knowledge, that they would interpret the Quran, then it should not be thought about them that they would say something about the Quran, or interpret it without knowledge, or according to their own intellect. Rather that which
proves what we have said has been reported from them, that they would not say something from themselves without knowledge.
Husain bin Mahdi Al-Basri narrated to us (he said: AbdurRazzaq narrated to us, from
Ma'mar, from Qatadah who said):
"There is no Ayah in the Quran except that I have heard something about it."
Ibn Abi 'Umar narrated to us (he said): "Sufyan bin 'Uyainah narrated to us, from Al-A'mash who said: 'Mujãhid said: If you
recited the recitation of Ibn Mas'ud, you would not need to ask Ibn 'Abbãs about much of what you ask him regarding the Quran."
Jami` at-Tirmidhi Book 47, Hadith 3
Yahya related to me from Malik that he had
heard that Said ibn al-Musayyab and Sulayman ibn Yasar and Ibn Shihab
all said that a woman who divorced for a compensation had the same
idda as a divorced woman - three periods.
Malik said that a
woman who ransomed herself could not return to her husband except by a
new marriage. If someone married her and then separated from her
before he had intercourse with her, there was no idda against her from
the recent marriage, and she rested on her first idda.
Malik
said, "That is the best that I have heard on the matter."
Malik said, "If, when a woman offers to compensate her husband, he
divorces her straightaway, then that compensation is confirmed for
him. If he makes no response, and then at a later date, does divorce
her, he is not entitled to that compensation."
Muwatta Malik Book 29, Hadith 37